There is an increasing interest in examining whether dietary patterns modify the association of fat mass and obesity associated (fto) variants and obesity. the aim of this study was to investigate whether mediterranean dietary pattern (med diet) could interact with fto polymorphisms in relation to obesity phenotypes.
Methods
Subjects of this nested case-control study were selected from participants of the tehran lipid and glucose study. each case (n=627) was individually age and sex-matched with a control who had normal weight. selected polymorphisms (rs1421085, rs1121980, rs17817449, rs8050136, rs9939973, and rs3751812) were genotyped by the tetra-refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction analysis. genetic risk scores (grs) were calculated using the weighted method. the mediterranean dietary score (mds) was computed based on components of trichopoulou et al. study.
Results
Mean ages of participants were 34.1±11in men and 34.9±11 in women. individuals with minor allele carriers of rs9939973, rs8050136, rs1781749, rs3751812 had lower risk of obesity when they had higher mds, compared to wild type homozygote genotype carriers. the obesity risk was decreased across quartiles of mds in participants with high grs (or: 1, 0.8, 0.79, 0.67) compared to individuals with low grs (or: 1.33, 1.06, 0.97, 1.12) (p interaction<0.05). we found no significant interaction between the grs and mds on abdominal obesity and high whr risk.
Conclusion
Greater adherence to med diet was associated with lower risk of obesity in subjects with more genetic predisposition of fto variants to obesity, compared to those with lower adherence to med diet and lower genetic susceptibility.
