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Genetic variations of cholesteryl ester transfer protein and diet interactions in relation to lipid profiles and coronary heart disease: a systematic review
The number of investigations on diet–genotype interactions in the prevention or treatment of dyslipidemia have increased remarkably. the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (cetp) gene is located in a highly polymorphic area and relates to plasma lipid and lipoprotein concentrations. this systematic review aimed to assess all recent available nutrigenetic studies regarding the modulating effect of diet on cetp polymorphisms in relation to metabolic traits.
Methods
Data were collected through literature search for studies published between 2000 and sep. 2016 using five electronic databases. to assess the quality of eligible studies, a 12-item quality checklist, derived from the strega statement (strengthening the reporting of genetic association studies), was used.
Results
Of 24 eligible studies, 16 were clinical trials and eight were observational. the taqib and i405v polymorphisms were the two most intensively studied. most of these studies conducted analyses of isolated nutrients. regarding the rs708272 (taq1b) polymorphism, individuals with the b1 allele showed better responses to dietary intervention than those with b2 homozygous genotype, whereas with the rs5882 (i405v) polymorphism, inconsistent results have been reported.
Conclusion
It has been reported that variations in the cetp gene may contribute to the effects of dietary components on metabolic traits in different subjects. however, these results have been controversial, indicating complex polygenic factors in metabolic response to diet as well as raising issues about the lack of uniformity in the study conditions and study designs. in addition, there is a need to consider larger aspects of the diet in gene–diet interaction studies.
Keywords
Cholesteryl ester transfer protein, polymorphism, metabolic syndrome, lipids, diet, nutrients
