Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease in the central nervous system.
the most effective drugs for ms patients are dmts drugs which decrease the progression of the disease. however, a significant proportion of these patients do not respond to this treatment. pharmacogenetic knowledge is rapidly identifying genes that determine whether drugs will be effective in the patient or worsen the patient's condition.
Methods
In this review, we investigated the relationship between the drugs with genetic diversity. we searched in pharmacogenetic databases, related journals and literature with this keywords: multiple sclerosis, pharmacogenetics.
we read about 200 articles in data bases between 1982 and 2016. at the end we chose 70 articles associated with our study.
Results
At the present time, interferon-beta and glatiramer acetate drugs increase the long-term safety of dmt by reducing the relapse of ailments and progression during the disease course.
the first candidate genes that were treated with ifn-beta were the class 2 hla genes that were the main genes susceptible to ms. several polymorphims have been identified in effective genes in response to ga drug in ms patients.
Conclusion
The genetic differences between patients in response to drugs are due to genetic variations in the coding genes in proteins that contribute to the distribution, metabolism and drug removal. knowledge of pharmacology in the future will have two important perspectives in the ms, one for the design of new drugs and the other for pre-treatment genetic analysis. so that each person is treated on the basis of his genomic information.
Keywords
Multiple sclerosis, pharmacogenomics, disease-modifying therapies, personalized medicine
