Bone healing of critical-sized defects are one of the most challenging orthopaedic problems. in the current study, the effectiveness of hydroxyapatite-gelatin seeded with bone marrow stromal cells construct for healing of critical-sized bone defect was evaluated in vivo.
Methods
The bone marrow stromal cells (bmscs) were isolated by flushing method. for in vitro study, the cells were seeded on the scaffold and the cell viability as well as cytotoxicity was tested by mtt and ldh specific activity, respectively. the scaffold-cell construct was implanted into the critical-sized bone defect created in calvaria of wistar male rats. the animals were randomly divided into three experimental groups including the animals implanted with hydroxyapatite-gelatin scaffold, hydroxyapatite-gelatin seeded with bmscs and blank defect as control. at different days post-implantation, the implanted site was collected and the bone healing was evaluated through h&e and masson’s trichrome staining.
Results
The results of mtt showed that the scaffold has no toxic effects on stromal cells. the first signs of ossification in hydroxyapatite-gelatin with bmscs cells group appeared in the first week. however, in the fourth week, ossification was completed and the scaffold remaining was found as embedded islands in the spongy bone tissue. the greatest number of lymphocytes in the experimental group was observed after one week of planting scaffold.
Conclusion
Hydroxyapatite-gelatin scaffold coated with bmscs cells has a potential role in the healing process of bone and would be a possible new therapeutic strategy to repair extensive bone lesions.
Keywords
Bone marrow-derived stromal cell; scaffold; tissue engineering, critical-sized bone defect; bone tis
