The use of stem cell in military medicine

Maede Fekri abras,1,* Rostam rezaein,2 Jalal mohammadi khoshraj,3 Kosar babaei,4

1. Giulan university faculty of science
3. Higher Education Institute of Rab-Rashid,Tabriz,Iran
4. Tonekabon azad university

Abstract

Introduction

A stem cell is kind of cell that has an unrivaled potency to renew itself indefinitely while preserve the capacity to differentiate into any cell kind in the body. there are usually three types of stem cells: adult stem cells, embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells (ipscs). previous studies into the physiology of battle harms reveal that regenerative stem cell treatment can prepare a useful and long-term therapy for traumatic impairs in soldiers as well. ipscs are genetically reprogrammed back to a primary embryonic stem state having a smart endogenous pluripotent signature program essential for preserve the defining attributes: self-renewal and pluripotency. an increase the incidence of significant harms from blasting devices in recent wars has further hard remedy, specify the need for tissue recovery options. this review emphasizes the possible role of stem cells for military medicine.

Methods

We began research using the keywords of stem cell and military medicine in research papers and reviews that found 58 articles from 1957 to 2018. finally, with filters, 5 papers were selected. this study was conducted as a review of the articles on google scholar site, science direct, wiley and pub med.

Results

Kinds of some tissue-specific harms in modern wars and their treatment using ipsc therapy: penetrative ocular harms: retinal neurons do not by itself regenerate, making vision loss an eternal proposition in most specimen, nonetheless, these cells may be reconstructed using ipsc therapy. auditory damage: extreme explosions military can lead to mechanical injury to the ear, generally in the form of sensory hair loss. this kind of injuries can be returned by regeneration with reprogrammed cochlear hair cells derived from ipscs. nervous tissue damage: harms to the central and peripheral nervous systems of the body are dually damaging, as a result in defect of proper physical and psychological function. recent studies have illustrated that mouse ipsc cells can give rise to secondary neurospheres in vitro that produces trilineage neural cells, containing many kinds of neurons. musculoskeletal injury: musculoskeletal damages are one of the most commonly happen injury kinds observed in war veterans. skin injuries: skin is destroyed in almost every combat harm. the research was reported a procedure for differentiating ipscs into dermal fibroblasts that generate type vii collagen and can be used for recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa therapy.

Conclusion

Resent treatments for battle harms is majorly aimed at palliative pain and limiting other tissue injuries from secondary infections. with the development of modern armament, the diversity of aggressive and life-threatening war damages will only expansion, much of which may be benefited by ipsc, mediated cell remedies. cell-based treatment using stem cells is a helpful tissue reconstruction source, which will aid our soldiers to restoration from the severe injuries, even continue their duty for the country after total recovery.

Keywords

Stem cell, military medicine, pluripotent stem cells, cell- and tissue-based therapy.