A brief study on hepatitis e

Fatemeh Farahmand,1 Samin bagher,2 Shaghayegh yazdani,3 Mohammad shayestehpour,4,*

1. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Advanced Science & Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Advanced Science & Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
3. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Advanced Science & Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
4. Autoimmune Disease Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran

Abstract

Introduction

Hepatitis e virus (hev) is a non-enveloped, single-strand rna virus which belongs to hepvridae family. hev has 7 genotypes: that genotype 1 and 2 affect humen.they have been reported mostly in asian,central african and american countries . genotypes 3 and 4 are common between human and animals (zoonotic)and they have been mostly seen in developed countries. genotypes 5, 6 and 7 affect animals and cannot be transmitted to human. in underdeveloped countries, the transmission way of genotypes 1 and 2 is generally oral-fecal and is passed on by drinking contaminated water. in developed countries genotypes 3 and 4 are generally transmitted by consuming contaminated meat. clinical symptoms of this disease are similar to hepatitis a virus (like increasinglevel of igm and igg suffering from diarrhea). according to who reports, it is estimated that 2.3 million people have been to hev which leads to 1000 deats each year. depending on country’s health level, hev can be either endemic or non_endemic (prevalance of anti_body about %27)

Methods

According to who reports, it is estimated that 2.3 million people have been to hev which leads to 1000 deats each year. depending on country’s health level, hev can be either endemic or non_endemic (prevalance of anti_body about %27). according to studies done in iran during 2005-2016, hev prevalence has mostly been in sari, mazandaran through which in 2009, 1080 people gut infected. hev prevalence statistics is not exclusive to any particular age. the highest and lowest percentages of hev infection in order are transplanted patients (30.8) and the for pregnant women (3.6). hepatitis e may cause hepatic failure and abortion in pregnant women and/or premature baby born with jaundice and eventually death.the infection’s progress in each person depends on their immune system .

Results

The need for hev vaccenation is directly related to its global distribution so, by focusing on recombinant vaccines in 2011, hev239 vaccine has been registered in china to diagnose the effect of anti-bodies counteracting against hev. according to experiments and vaccination programs which icluded in 3 phase , the effect of vaccine has been more than 90% and is safe for pregnant women. from treatments available for this infection, we can refer to immune system suppressing drugs and the prescription of ribavirin in people who have had organ transplant and interferon (anti￾virus drugs).

Conclusion

Controlling public supervising health in endemic and non-endemic countries is very different. in developing countries, there is an urgent need to increase public health and improve the living environment. also, in developed countries the risk of geting infected by hev with entering raw and half-cooked meat (often pork) into the food chain exsites. in order to reduce hev infection prevalence, supervising and prevetional actions should be made from production to consumption (farm to fork).

Keywords

Hev prevalence_transplant_hev infecyion_anti_virus drugs