Comparison of protective and therapeutic effects of hibiscus sabdariffa and silybum marianum on liver tissue in cyprinus carpio with liver enzyme induced by tetrachloride carbon

Ziba Kolouei,1 Tahereh naji,2,* Terife behyar,3 Homayoun hosseinzade,4 Mehdi rezayat,5

1. Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, lran.
2. Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
3. Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
4. Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research and EducationOrganization, Tehran, Iran.
5. Pharmacy Faculty, Tehran University ,Iran.

Abstract

Introduction

Medicinal plants are herbs with one or some of their organs containing active ingredient. this substance, which forms less than 1% of the dry weight of the plant, has medicinal properties that affect living organisms.this study compared the protective and therapeutic effects of hibiscus sabdariffa and silybum marianum as powerful antioxidant agents on the liver of cyprinus carpio with hepatotoxicity induced by carbon tetrachloride.

Methods

Fishes with an average weight of 40±8 g were released. experiments were performed in 9 groups (3 control and 6 treatment groups) and each group containing 15 pieces of fishes. in the two first test groups hepatotoxic effects of hibiscus sabdariffa(doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight fish) were investigated on common carp. in the two other groups, the protective effects of hibiscus sabdariffa(with the same doses) were studied on common carp liver. in the fifth treatment groups the protective effects of sillybum marianum extract at a doses of 100 mg/kg body weight in last group of treatment group therapeutic effects of this plants with the same dose of the therapeutic effects on liver toxicity were evaluated. at the first control group the effect of olive oil and in second control group effect of carbon tetrachloride diluted with olive oil on hepatotoxicity of liver was studied.a third control group remained unchanged for comparative studies. one day after the last injection, biometric of fishes were done. and liver of fish tissue to determine the weight of the liver and quantification of liver aminotransferase enzymes were prepared,then with spss software, fishes in the treatment and control groups were compared.

Results

Results of measurements of liver aminotransferase enzymes showed decreased levels of these enzymes in treated group with hibiscus sabdariff compared to treatment,with silybum marianum( p≤ 0/05 ). also results showed that the therapeutic effect of both plants were higher than the protective effect and effectiveness of herbal treatment is somewhat significant were not seen difference between treated and control treatments (p≥0/05). also by increasing doses of hibiscus sabdariffa in treatments that their hepatotoxicity before had been induced by carbon tetrachloride therapeutic and protective effect increased (p≤ 0/05).

Conclusion

histological results showed lesser histopathological lesions in treatment that treated with silybum marianum than treatment that treated with hibiscus sabdariffa. histopathological lesions of both these treatments were lesser compared to the control that the only carbon tetrachloride was injected. this indicated that the hibiscus sabdariffa treatment effect is more. also histopathological lesions in both plant were more in the conditions that have been used their protective effect and this indicate their better therapeutic effect on hepatocyte compared with their protective effect.

Keywords

Silybum marianum, hibiscus sabdariffa, cyprinus carpio, carbon tetrachloride, hepatotoxicity