Identification Of Plasmodium By Aptamer-based Biosensors And Their Treatment By Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Identification Of Plasmodium By Aptamer-based Biosensors And Their Treatment By Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Yousef Alaee Mollabashi,^1,*
1. Department of Biology, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University Tabriz, Iran
Introduction: Malaria is recognized as a dangerous and long-standing infectious disease caused by pathogen named Plasmodium in the scientific community. There are several ways to identify the biological agents that cause malaria, but one of the newest scientific methods used is biosensors. Biosensors are one of the newest methods in identifying diseases and pathogens early and these biosensors have advantages such as the speed of detection, high accuracy and etc. On the other hand, in the field of treatment of this parasitic disease, we are facing problems such as reducing the effectiveness of common drugs to overcome this problem, various treatment methods have been proposed, one of which is the use of stem cells. Stem cells with high potential in medical science and treatment of diseases have been studied for microbial-based diseases (1-3). The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential of biosensors and mesenchymal stem cells to detect and treat plasmodium as a novel therapeutic approach to counteract antibiotic resistance.
Methods: Articles related to keywords such as plasmodium, a new therapeutic approach, aptamer-based biosensors, and mesenchymal stem cells, which were published have been extracted and used.
Results: Aptamer-based biosensors begin to identify based on their molecular structure and genome form and some specific peptides. One of the most well-known aptamers that have ever been studied is named 2008s have identified a specific loop connections which is created by Plasmodium Falciparum and does not exist in healthy body cells. For example, studies on the therapeutic properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on malaria specimens have generally reported positive results. By injecting MSCs into mice infected with Plasmodium, the immune system of mice increased substantially, so that after the injection of stem cells, the rate of IL- 2 and 12 increased in these samples and they could fight against with Plasmodium by enhancement of the immune system On the other hand, these cells reduce the production of IL-10. The results of study can be related to the injection of MSCs and their effect on the body of specimens and various factors such as the amount of resistance and susceptibility of the host to this infection and genetic factors .
Conclusion: With the advancement of pathogenic factors and microbes, including bacteria, parasites, etc., medical science and treatment must multiply the speed of its development many times over these pathogens, as it is today. Designing and implementing new identification and treatment methods, such as the brief review in this article, can be one of the most effective methods. Biosensors should be used in a variety of situations because of the benefits, speed and accuracy. The use of stem cells on laboratory samples has so far been reported with a very positive overall result but further studies should be conducted to investigate the various factors that may influence this treatment.
Keywords: Plasmodium, Aptamer-based biosensors, Mesenchymal stem cells.