Introduction: Cell division is the process by which a mother cell transforms into two or more other cells. An average of about a trillion cell divisions occur daily. O carries all the genetic code and information. Genes are made by placing four nucleotides (DNA-making molecules) of adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C) in the DNA molecule sequence. In fact, a specific sequence of placement of these four molecules is called a gene. Each gene, like a manual, maintains the sequence of placement of specific codes that the cell can use to make the proteins it needs. Make. A gene mutation is a permanent change in the sequence and order of the DNA codes that make up a gene, so that that sequence is different from what is found in other people. Mutations come in different sizes, they can affect anywhere in a gene. These changes can affect anything from a single nucleotide in DNA (base pair) to a large fragment of a chromosome that contains multiple genes. Each cell division involves steps that may lead to errors in the arrangement of proteins. DNA is possible. In any of the activities, such as the transcription process, replication or recombination of chromosomes, there is a possibility of errors in genetic information. And one of the rare cases of spontaneous change is DNA, which is called a mutation. The parent is inherited and is present in all cells of the body throughout a person's life. These mutations are also called germline mutations because they are present in sperm and egg cells, also called germ cells. When an egg and a sperm merge, the resulting fertilized egg cell receives DNA from both parents. If this DNA has a mutation, the offspring of that egg will have that mutation in each of its cells. Acquired (or somatic) mutations that sometimes occur throughout a person's life and are present only in certain cells, not in all cells of the body. . These changes can be caused by environmental factors such as the sun's ultraviolet radiation, or if an error occurs during DNA replication on its own, that is, during cell division. Acquired mutations in somatic or somatic cells (cells other than sperm and eggs) are not passed on to the next generation. External factors such as physical atoms such as atomic and cosmic rays, ultraviolet rays, etc., or chemical agents such as nitrogen and mustard gas, acridine dyes, benzoprene, and many chemical compounds such as chemical compounds such as alkylating agents, game analogs, anti Biotics are mutants that can cause damage to genetic material in any particular way. Some mutations are permanent and some are temporary, also called conditional mutations, meaning that as long as the conditions, causes, and causes of the mutation exist. The mutated phenotype appears and remains and disappears as the conditions or causes of the mutated phenotype disappear. Monet is a reactive species of oxygen, nitrate and nitrite, some metals, drugs and those substances that existed in human nature (household chemicals, additives and flavors and preservatives).
Methods: by review and study other articles
Results: Antioxidants - An important group of compounds that prevent exposure to carcinogens. And they can help protect against all kinds of hostile chemicals. Examples of antioxidants are vitamins A, C and E, beta-carotene and flavonoids. These substances are found in very large numbers in fruits and vegetables as well as in green tea, it is important to try to avoid UV rays and smoke cigarettet and drugs and alcohol.By modifying your lifestyle and avoiding harmful chemicals and radiation, gene mutations can be largely prevented.
Conclusion: Cells are growing and dividing every day, and humans are exposed to a variety of destructive substances and compounds and various rays that cause mutations, ie changes in a person's DNA. Some mutations are ineffective and some cause disease and defects. Most mutations are common. They can lead to cancer, which can be prevented by following simple steps.