• Comparing the Effects of Methanol Extract of Ficcus carica and Spirulina platensis with Silybum marianum on Liver Tissues in the Model of Fatty Liver Induced by Carbon Tetrachloride of Cyprinus carpio
  • Tahereh Naji,1,* Homayoun Hosseinzadeh,2 Shahrbanoo Nobakht Sarokalaei,3 Ziba Kolouei,4
    1. Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
    2. Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research and Education Organization, Tehran, Iran
    3. Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
    4. Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.


  • Introduction: The use of natural plant-based substances in the treatment of liver disease in traditional medicine has a long history. Liver is the most common place for toxin accumulation and one of these toxin is carbon tetrachloride . Many industrial and natural compounds are used to reduce its toxicity. Ficcus carica are one of the most important medicinal plants for the treatment of liver disorders. Spirulina platensis is a water-soluble microalgae with many nutritional properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and fat-reducing properties. Silybum marianum is an antioxidant and liver-protecting compound that stabilizes the plasma membrane of the liver cell.
  • Methods: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of methanol extract of Ficcus carica and Spirulina platensis with Silybum marianum on liver tissues in the model of fatty liver induced by carbon tetrachloride of Cyprinus carpio. In this study, 100 male and female Cyprinus carpio, with 15±5 gr weight, were divided into 10 unequally sized groups. There were four control groups, control 1 was intact, control 2 olive oil, control 3 carbon tetrachloride diluted with olive oil at a ratio of 3:1 and the other groups was injected into the muscle between dorsal fin and lateral line of fish with a dose of 1ml / kg of fish weight in the remaining 6 aquariums. After 24 hours from injection, doses of 100 and 200 ml / kg of fish weight from each extracts were injected into treatment groups. This was repeated 6 times every 48 hours. Tissue samples were taken from liver, and hematoxyline eosin staining was performed.
  • Results: The results showed histopathological studies in the case group of carbon tetrachloride compared to the control group. Histological results of liver in fishes showed that effect of carbon tetrachloride toxicity on liver tissue were cell degeneration, increase of fat cells and lysis of hepatocyte
  • Conclusion: Treatment with Ficcus carica and Spirolina platensis extract showed a positive effect of extracts on the improvement of liver lesions, but the effect of Silybum marianum on the improvement of lesions was more prominent.
  • Keywords: Toxicity, Silybum marianum, Ficcus carica, Spirulina platensis, Cyprinus carpio