• Investigating the effect of nutrition on benign prostatic hyperplasia
  • Vajihe Ghalenoei,1,* Fatemeh Barghi,2 Zahra Soleimani,3 Mahdi Baghery,4 Atena Ansarinasab,5 Abed Ebrahimi,6
    1. Student Research Committee, Islamic Azad University of Birjand, South Khorasan, Iran
    2. Student Research comittee Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan , Iran
    3. Student Research Committee, Islamic Azad University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
    4. Student Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
    5. Student Research Committee, Zahedan University of Medical sciences, Sistan and Balouchestan, Iran
    6. Department of Operating Room, School of Allied Medical Sciences. Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran


  • Introduction: The prostate gland is the largest appendage in mammals and plays a key role in reproduction. Its secretions make up 30 to 50% of semen and play an important role in sperm fertility. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Histopathology of BPH typically includes double epithelial and stromal hyperplasia of the transitional zone of the prostate. Several biological factors, including oxidative stress, inflammation, androgens, and increased expression of several growth factors, are associated with benign and malignant prostate disorders. Benign prostatic hyperplasia is the most common hyperplastic disorder in men and the most influential cause of lower urinary tract symptoms. Pathogenesis nutrition appears to correct benign prostatic symptoms in men suffering from lower urinary tract symptoms. Although there are several medications and treatments for this condition, nutrition may improve outcomes as a primary approach or in conjunction with BPH medications or procedures. The purpose of this review is to highlight the benefits of nutrition and dietary supplements in men with BPH and LUTS.
  • Methods: In the following article, we collected the required data by using key words using reliable databases such as Google Scholar, ProQuest, Scopus and PubMed. Our statistical population consists of all the studies that have been conducted until 2022. After reviewing the findings, we reviewed 14 articles.
  • Results: The researchers found a significantly lower risk of BPH among men who consumed at least four servings of vegetables per day compared to those who consumed less than one serving per day. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, it was found that lycopene, a component found in tomatoes, may inhibit the progression of BPH and may improve symptoms in patients given a dose of 15 mg/day for 6 months. Forgive A meta-analysis of 19 published studies found an up to 35% reduced risk of BPH among men who drank alcohol daily, but an increased risk of LUTS. A case-control study on 1369 patients with BPH and 1451 controls showed a direct relationship between starch consumption and BPH. Saw palmetto, native to Florida, has been shown in many older clinical studies to significantly improve the signs and symptoms of BPH. A review of 21 randomized controlled trials involving a total of 3139 men (including 18 double-blind trials) found that men treated with saw palmetto had reduced urinary tract symptom scores, less nocturnal enuresis, better urinary tract symptom self-report scores. A review analyzed the specific effects of sernilton and suggested that it improved subjective symptoms including enuresis, but compared with placebo, no significant improvement in urodynamic measures was observed. A review of beta-sitosterol studies included four double-blind trials in 519 men that lasted between 4 and 26 weeks. According to research, prostate health and vitamin B6 are directly related, and 3 mg of pyridoxine daily is recommended for young men aged 19-50.
  • Conclusion: Based on the collected results, nutritional modifications such as consuming less meat, simple starch, and more vegetables and fruits significantly help in the management of BPH and LUTS. These dietary patterns may modulate metabolic pathways that lead to obesity and diabetes; Two diseases that contribute to the development of BPH and LUTS.Dietary supplements should be used with caution. Saw palmetto as an agent may not help, while beta-sitosterol and rye pollen extract may. Such lifestyle changes may help with weight loss and stabilize insulin levels, which moderate the effects of BPH and LUTS and, as a side benefit, have a positive effect on cardiovascular health. Much of the available data on nutrition in relation to BPH is observational and should serve primarily as a guide to inform patients about healthy lifestyle interventions. Therefore, newer clinical trials with a larger study population are needed to confirm the effectiveness of these herbal products.
  • Keywords: Prostatic Hyperplasia, Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms, Nutrition