• Nanorobots, tiny biological machines - the most promising medical tools
  • Negin Joorabchi,1 Fatemeh Eslami,2 Zahra Rezvani,3,*
    1. Faculty of Medical Science and Technologies, Islamic Azad University Science and Research, Tehran, Iran
    2. Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
    3. Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran


  • Introduction: Robotic systems have especially expanded the attain of human beings in detecting, interconnecting, transforming, and manipulating the universe around us. Specifically, the conflux of various technologies has enabled a solstice in medical applications of robotic technologies toward meliorating health care. With the continual improvement of micro-nanomaterial synthesis technology, numerous micro/nanorobots have been expanded in depth and have expansive application visions, particularly in the biomedical field. Biomedicine basically comprises diagnosis and treatment. From an engineering perspective, diagnosis is the evaluation of numerous abnormal phenomena in the human body, and treatment is to change the current condition of human cells. With the improvement of medicine to the cellular and molecular stages, diagnostic techniques should be decreased to micron and nanoscale scales, detecting at the cellular molecular scale, and supplying new diagnostic techniques. The appearance of robots is the innovation of modern biomedical methods, supplying new ideas, which can enter the human body in negligibly invasive ways, and none of the traditional medical technology is able to attain this technology.
  • Methods: In this review, we studied more than 30 articles from 2000 to 2022 from valid databases. clearly, we describe the medical applications of nanorobots as tiny biological machines and then discuss the future advances and their potential properties.
  • Results: Richard Phillips Feynman originally recommended that micro/nanorobots can be utilized in biomedical applications, and he foresaw that the micro-machines can attain microscopic treatment. Also, the first person that used nanorobots for single-cell analysis and manipulation was Toshio Fukuda. Notwithstanding little design and controlled navigation ability, micro/nanorobots have been generally utilized in many fields, such as drug delivery, negligibly invasive surgery, cell capture, and separation, nano printing, analysis and detection, and environmental purification.
  • Conclusion: Micro/nanorobots have made some advances in various fields of precision medicine throughout the last 10 years due to their extremely little size, opportunity, and unconstrained and controllable ability to control movement and achieve several in any little environment. Looking to the future, the improvement and utilization of micro/nanorobots in medicine are supposed to become a powerful research area. To understand the maximum potential of the micro/nanorobots in the medical field, nanorobotic researchers ought to work more closely with medical scientists for thorough examinations of the behavior and usefulness of the robots, including studies on their biocompatibility, maintenance, therapeutic affection, and biodistribution.
  • Keywords: micro/nanorobot, medical diagnosis, disease treatment, targeted drug delivery