Mahsa Sadat Ehteshami,1,*
1. Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies In Medicine,Tehran University of Medical sciences
Introduction: White blood cells (WBCs) are immune cells that play essential roles in critical diseases including cancers, infections, and inflammatory disorders. Their dynamic and diverse functions have inspired the development of WBC membrane-coated nanoparticles (denoted “WBC-NPs”), which are formed by fusing the plasma membranes of WBCs, such as macrophages, neutrophils, T cells, and natural killer cells, onto synthetic nanoparticle cores. Inheriting the entire source cell antigens, WBC-NPs act as source cell decoys and simulate their broad biointerfacing properties with intriguing therapeutic potentials.
Herein, the recent development and medical applications of WBC-NPs focusing on four areas, including WBC-NPs as carriers for drug delivery, as countermeasures for biological neutralization, as nanovaccines for immune modulation, and as tools for the isolation of circulating tumor cells and fundamental research is reviewed. Overall, the recent development and studies of WBC-NPs have established the platform as versatile nanotherapeutics and tools with broad medical application potentials.
Methods: WBC-NPs As Carriers for Drug Delivery
WBC-NPs As Countermeasures for Biological Neutralization
WBC-NPs As Nanovaccines for Immune Modulation
WBC-NPs As Tools for CTC Isolation and Fundamental Studies
Results: As the cell membrane-coating technology advances rapidly, additional engineering strategies can be applied to further de- velop WBC-NPs for even broader applications. For example, researchers have mixed membranes from different cell types and used them as coating materials to make cell membrane- coated nanoparticles with “hybrid” properties.
Conclusion: As the cell membrane-coating technology advances rapidly, additional engineering strategies can be applied to further de- velop WBC-NPs for even broader applications. For example, researchers have mixed membranes from different cell types and used them as coating materials to make cell membrane- coated nanoparticles with “hybrid” properties.
It is anticipated that WBC-NPs will soon move toward clinical tests and play more significant roles in the field of biomedicine.