Nanoparticles and Their Therapeutic Potential Against Bacterial Infections
Nanoparticles and Their Therapeutic Potential Against Bacterial Infections
Ronak Bahramian,1Rasoul Shokri,2,*Mojtaba Mohammadi Roknabadi,3
1. Msc of microbiology Biology Research Center, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran 2. Assistant Professor,Biology Research Center, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran 3. Assistant professor of mycology Department of biology, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran,
Introduction: One of the most significant worldwide health problems is the growth of antibiotic resistance in bacteria, and new research is required everywhere to create antimicrobial chemicals that are more potent. Nanotechnology has emerged as one of the most significant and pervasive fields of science in the twenty-first century. Structures with at least one dimension on the nanoscale scale are known as nanomaterials (1-100 nanometers). Nanoparticles have demonstrated effects against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria across a broad spectrum. Investigating the value and potential of nanoparticles in preventing bacterial infections is the study's main goal the significance of nanoparticles and their potential for treating bacterial infections was the focus of this investigation.
Methods: Using the databases from PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar, the following search terms were used: "Bacteria," "Nanotechnology," "Antibacterial," and "Nano." Additionally, keyword searches and searches of additional pertinent journals were done. The following subjects were covered in the articles we selected: articles examining the antibacterial effects of nanoparticles on bacteria, articles exploring the advantages and uses of nanoparticles in the fight against bacteria, and studies looking at variables influencing the antibacterial effects of nanoparticles.
Results: Results indicated Nanoparticles' antibacterial defense mechanisms include blocking bacterial protein and DNA synthesis. Regulation of Metabolic Gene Expression by Nanoparticles. Nanoparticle Inhibition of Bacterial Biofilm Formation. The Impact of Nanoparticles on Various Bacterial Components Nanoparticle interactions with bacterial cell walls and cell membranes. In contrast, factors impacting nanoparticles' antibacterial mechanisms were observed. Size, charge, zeta potential, surface shape, and crystal structure of nanoparticles are just a few of the physicochemical characteristics that have a significant role in how well they interact with bacterial cells. The antibacterial effects of nanoparticles are also influenced by ambient factors and the length of exposure to other elements. According to recent studies, a nanoparticle's size has a significant impact on how antibacterial it is. Compared to larger nanoparticles and polymers, smaller nanoparticles have more focused surface areas and are more likely to come into contact with bacterial cell membranes.
Conclusion: Antibiotic resistance has increased recently, making it harder to treat patients and combat infectious infections, which can result in fatal complications. Since nanoparticles either have no cytotoxicity or often have extremely low toxicity, they appear to be a good replacement for antibiotics and could potentially address the issue of the growth of resistant bacteria. Additionally, their production processes don't require any delicate or risky procedures. Green chemistry has made it possible to create nanoparticles that are smaller, more effective, and have acceptable antibacterial capabilities.