Circular RNA: biogenesis, function and roll in disease
Circular RNA: biogenesis, function and roll in disease
Pedram Kakaei,1,*Samaneh Reiszadeh Jahromi,2Saba Danaei,3
1. Department of Biology, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran 2. Department of Biology, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran 3. Department of Biology, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
Introduction: circular RNAs are a category of preserved single-strand RNA molecules driven from deoxyribonucleic acidic or coding (DNA) exon and intron sequences by precursor RNA back–splice. circRNAs type covalently closed, continuous stable loops while not a five finish cap and a three finish poly(A) tail. circRNAs are attributed to their attainable contributions to sequence regulation through a spread of actions, together with sponging microRNAs, interacting with RNA-binding proteins, regulation transcription and splice, and macromolecule translation. In recent years, it's been disclosed that circular RNA will play a crucial and potential role in the progression and development of diseases notably cancer and DM. A growing studies of analysis is shown that the expression patterns and characteristics of circRNAs may partially make a case for the flexibility of circRNAs as potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets. within the gift review, the researchers gift this understanding of cricRNAs biogenesis, restrictive mechanisms, and a review of recent findings and circRNA as potential biomarkers and their role within the development and progression of diseases
Methods: For this article, we searched for keywords such as cancer, circRNA, genetic, diabetes, stomach cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, disease, etc., and searched for topics such as circRNA in cancer, the function of circRNA, Biogenesis of We used circRNA, circRNA, and disease and... to search in different databases.
For this article, we used to review and research articles with different IF.
Results: Aberrant expression of circRNA, alongside the dysregulation of mRNAs, miRNAs, and incRNAs, is concerned with the pathologic process of medicine malignancies.
Some circRNAs have currently been shown to possess prognostic worth alone or together with illustrious cancer markers.
circRNAs have the potential to be used as therapeutic targets in cancer
The junction sequence allows reverse junction for a selected circRNA while not poignant the parental mRNA.
Mammalian cells will acknowledge peripheral circRNAs from foreign varieties.
Not all circRNAs are non-coding.
circRNAs with different and distinct expression in tissues as well as suppressing and inhibiting and affecting the expression of other mRNA, incRNA and miRNAs can be associated with various cancers such as lung cancer, stomach cancer, intestinal-gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, pancreatic cancer, cancer Liver and breast cancer.
Many circRNAs have associated degrees of abnormal expression in growth tissue/blood/exosomes of growth patients.
Conclusion: The study of circRNAs could be a novel analysis field that has emerged with the fast development of technology. various vital roles of circRNA are highlighted, especially their operation in diseases starting from cancerous to noncancerous pathologies and their growth and progression, which remains less understood.CircRNA is currently renowned for interacting with polymer binding proteins, dominant conjunction, translations, etc. Increasing proof indicates that circRNAs play polar roles in physiological and pathological processes, expressing different sorts of circRNA square measure overexpressed in numerous cancer and diabetic cell lines and, if guided, will regulate the expansion and proliferation of those morbid cells. more studies on this ancient polymer can give a big perspective on cancer and polygenic disorder analysis.
Furthermore, additional controlled and large-scale clinical studies square measure needed before cancer-specific circRNAs may be suggested for designation and treatment notably in cancer CircRNA’s most significant functions square measure that they act as a possible biomarker in cancer and polygenic disorder because of their stability and tissue-specific, creating them associate degree acceptable candidate for biomarker studies. The discovery of circRNAs has beyond question enriched the content of polymer restrictive networks and has offered new approaches for the event of clinically translatable diagnostic prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cancer.