liposomes technology-based siRNA and miRNA for treatment of breast cancer
liposomes technology-based siRNA and miRNA for treatment of breast cancer
Amin Reza Nikpoor,1,*samane mohamadi,2atefe ebrahimi tamandegani,3
1. Molecular Medicine Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran 2. department of medical genetics, faculty of medicine, hormozgan university of medical sciences, bandar abbas, iran 3. department of medical genetics, faculty of medicine, hormozgan university of medical sciences, bandar abbas, iran
Introduction: The most frequent type of cancer in women worldwide is breast cancer. Resistance to chemotherapy and radiation therapy is one of the disease's treatment challenges. As a result, a new method for increasing survival and managing this disease is required. Using siRNA and miRNAs to silence particular genes in mammalian cells is one of these methods. Since miRNA and/or siRNA have large molecular weights (more than 10 kDa) and negative charges that make it difficult for them to enter cells, their use for the treatment of breast cancer is only possible when these genetic materials are successfully delivered to the cells. For their transfer, liposomes, a non-viral carrier with low toxicity and high efficiency, maybe a good option. The aim of this study was to evaluate liposomal formulations containing siRNA or miRNA in the treatment of breast cancer.
Methods: In this systematic review, required data were collected by searching the following keywords selected from Mesh: 'breast cancer', 'liposome', 'siRNA' and 'miRNA'. The following databases were searched: PubMed, Scopus and google scholar, articles were evaluated according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Results: There are 23 articles that are related to our topic. In order to investigate the therapeutic potential, 10 articles have used miRNA, 13 articles have used siRNA, and one article has used both. eight articles have used miRNA to target the genes responsible for cell growth and metastasis, which, by downregulating these genes, have stopped the growth and metastasis of cancer cells. One miRNA study induced apoptosis in cancer cells and in one study, it was used as a method to inhibit the growth of cancer cells by targeting the PI3K signaling pathway. Targeting the angiogenic gene with siRNA has been used to stop cancer metastasis in four articles and in one article, cyclooxygenase was targeted to prevent the metastasis of breast cancer. In addition, four articles wanted to stop the growth of cancer cells by using siRNA to induce apoptosis in cancer cells. A study that combined the use of siRNA and miRNA prevented cancer cells from proliferating and migrating.
Conclusion: siRNA and miRNA can be used as potential therapies in the treatment of cancers. liposomes can deliver these substances to cancer cells much more successfully. Therefore, liposomal platforms of siRNA and miRNA can be used as an appropriate platform in research investigated cancer therapy.