Golbarg Mehdizadeh Davani,1Maryam Zendehboudi,2Maryam Zarei,3Mohammad Mehdi Khaleghi,4,*
1. Student Research Committee, Bushehr University Of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran 2. Student Research Committee, Bushehr University Of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran 3. Student Research Committee, Bushehr University Of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran 4. Student Research Committee, Bushehr University Of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
Introduction: Today, various sensors are used to obtain various information about physiological indicators and body movements. Sensors can play a role in facilitating diagnosis and health care monitoring; So that they help the health workers in checking heart rate, temperature, breathing rate and other necessary things. Biosensors are one of the most widely used sensors in the health field, which generally has the task of converting body chemical data into an analytical signal to evaluate chemical and physiological analytes; They can measure electrons, photons or other physical properties. Due to the many applications that these self-powered biosensors can have, we decided to investigate them in this abstract.
Methods: In this review study our search based on the keywords biosensors, self-powered biosensors and Self-powered was done. We have reviewed several databases (including Google Scholar, PubMed and Scopus) since 2019. After evaluating the quality of the data, the most relevant articles were examined.
Results: Since many self-powered biosensors are available, studies have shown that enzymatic biosensors use glucose analyte as cellular fuel; After completing the investigations, this concept was used to measure glucose, fructose, cholesterol, lactate, oxygen, ethanol, acetylcholine and ascoric acid. Organelle Self‐Powered Biosensors were another group of sensors; Because of the sensitivity of the organelles to different toxins, the type based on their inhibition were studied more than other types. Therefore, they are used to detect mitochondrial toxicity resulting from various drugs and pesticides. Another biosensor we examined was microbial biosensors, which, despite being less specific than enzymatic biosensors; Their development can provide the possibility to obtain microbial fuel cell (MFC). It has been seen that the presence of different concentrations of toxic and organic compounds that reduce or inhibit the activity of microbial cells can affect the energy production by MFC.
Conclusion: According to the studies, in the evaluation of different automated electrochemical biosensors, the general advantages of higher sensitivity in many samples and the lack of need for power supply and circuits were seen as disadvantages such as more noise. More specifically, automatic enzymatic biosensors have high sensitivity and selectivity and fast response time. On the other hand, microbial biosensors had low specificity and long lifetime. For this purpose, more comprehensive research is needed to better understand the stability, response time and specificity of each biosensor. Our proposal is to further investigate cell designs, raw materials and new engineered biological catalysts.