Niosome hesperidin decreased the level of lipid peroxidation and improved memory function in depressed rats
Niosome hesperidin decreased the level of lipid peroxidation and improved memory function in depressed rats
Mahsa Otarkhaniy,1Homaira hatami,2,*
1. Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran 2. Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
Introduction: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a heterogeneous disease triggered by biological, psychological, genetic, social, and family factors. Oxidative stress parameters are involved in the formation of the pathogenesis of depression. Depression can also affect memory function and cause malfunction. Hesperidin is a natural antioxidant and Niosome hesperidin is new in Nano drug delivery. This study aims to effects of hesperidin and Niosome hesperidin on neurobehavioral activity and levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the hippocampal area of rats in depression rats.
Methods: In this study, we used 36 adult male rats. The animals were divided into six groups. The control group received saline for 14 days. The depressed group received reserpine (0.5 mg/kg) for 14 days to induce depression. The treatment group with hesperidin first received reserpine for 14 days to induce depression and then received the antioxidant hesperidin (20 mg/kg) for 14 days. The hesperidin group received hesperidin (20 mg/kg) for 14 days. The niosome hesperidin group received niosome hesperidin (20 mg/kg) for 7 days. The treatment group with niosome first received reserpine for 14 days to induce depression and then received niosome hesperidin (20 mg/kg) for 7 days. The Behavioral tests included the Passive avoidance test (shuttle box) was performed on days 7 and 14 to assess showed improvement in memory retrieval and recognition memory consolidation. 24 hour after the last injection, animals sacrificed and their brain is dissected. The level of MDA was measured in the hippocampus. The basis of the tissue MDA measurement method is based on reaction with thiobarbituric acid (TBA), and extraction with butanol. Data analyzed by using repeated measure of One-Way ANOVA
Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference between the groups in passive avoidance test and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the hippocampal area in depression rats. In the Passive avoidance learning test, treatment with Niosome hesperidin in depressed rats significantly increased the amount of memory function (p<0.05) compared with depression group without treatment. Interestingly Niosome hesperidin improved the function of memory compared to control group (p<0.05).
Administration of niosome hesperidin significantly (p< 0.05) decreased the level of hippocampal MDA compared to the control group.
Conclusion: It seems that niosome hesperidin as a Nanoparticle can decrease the level of MDA as a lipid peroxidation factor in the hippocampus of depressed rats and also can improve the memory function of these rats.