Determination of frequency, risk factors and antibiotic resistance pattern of nosocomial infection caused by Gram-positive cocci in Shahid Mostafa Khomeini hospital during April 2014-March 2020
Determination of frequency, risk factors and antibiotic resistance pattern of nosocomial infection caused by Gram-positive cocci in Shahid Mostafa Khomeini hospital during April 2014-March 2020
Mohammad Vaseie,1Maryam Amini,2,*Tahja Kashani Javid,3
1. Department of Emergency medicine, Faculty of medicine, Tehran university of medical sciences, Tehran, Iran 2. Depatment of infectious diseases and Tropical medicine, Faculty of medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran 3. Shahed university
Introduction: Introduction: Gram-positive bacteria, especially gram-positive cocci such as coagulase-negative staphylococci and Staphylococcus aureus, are very important pathogens in the hospital environment, including urban and field hospitals during wars and natural disasters. Gram-positive organisms have highly variable growth and resistance patterns. Misuse of broad-spectrum antibiotics increases nosocomial infections. This is not only a major health care problem, but also imposes great economic losses on society.
Methods: Materials and Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was performed on 263 patients with at least one gram-positive cocci culture. These patients were hospitalized in the adult ward of Shahid Mostafa Khomeini Hospital from April 2014 to March2020. Isolates were differentiating by laboratory tests and antibiotic sensitivity and resistance were evaluated by standard disk diffusion methods. Data were analyzed using Medcalc statistical software.
Results: Results: The results of this study showed that the Isolate of Staphylococcus coagulase negative was in the first place with 36% infection. The most common risk factor for this bacterium was vascular catheters. Staphylococcus aureus was in second place with 33% infection and the most common cause was endotracheal intubation. Enterococcus isolate was in the third place with 25% infection and the most common cause was urinary catheter. The best effective drugs on gram-positive cocci were vancomycin and ciprofloxacin and the highest resistance was observed in erythromycin, amikacin and clindamycin. Prolonged hospitalization and hospital ward were effective risk factors.
Conclusion: Conclusion: According to the results of the study, the use of effective antibiotics according to the patient's antibiogram can be useful in the better effectiveness of treatment.