Introduction: According to studies, it was found that ticks of the Hyaloma genus are the main carrier and reservoir of CCHF.
This disease occurs only in humans, but its natural cycle includes wild mammals, livestock, birds and ticks.
Although the disease-causing virus is often transmitted by ticks, animal-to- human and human-to-human transmission also occur.
The way of transmission of CCHF is through tick bites or contact with blood, carcasses of infected animals and humans (people whose jobs are at risk of this disease).
The causative agent of this disease is a single-stranded RNA virus with a negative sense, which is classified in the Nairovirus genus of the Bunyaviridae family.
Of course, it should be kept in mind that the resistance of CCHF to heat is low and it can be destroyed by heating and cooking the meat, and also this virus can resist in the body and blood for 10 days and detergents do not destroy CCHF only until Some disable it.
Methods: The basic indicator in the diagnosis of laboratory reports of CCHF is the decrease in the level of platelets and leukocytes. Enzymes such as aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, creatinine phosphokinase and lactate dehydrogenase tend to increase. Prolonged clotting time is checked by prothrombin test and activated partial thromboplastin test. Fibrinogen is reduced, which tends to form a network for connecting platelets and proteins to form a clot. An increase in fibrin degradation products can be observed. Within 5 to 9 days, the laboratory results of surviving patients become normal.
The treatment strategy for CCHF consists of two aspects, one is to perform symptomatic treatment to cover the deficiencies that occur due to extensive loss of blood cells, such as blood transfusions, platelets or plasma are given to patients. Hypovolemic patients are given electrolytes. Secondary infections are also considered because there is suppression of the immune system and the person becomes susceptible to other diseases.
Results: Humans are the only known hosts that show clinical symptoms associated with this disease. According to a study, the chance of developing clinical disease in people carrying the virus was 0.215 to 1 in every 5 infected people.
The development of the disease has four stages, including an incubation stage where the virus replicates in the body, a pre- bleeding stage, a bleeding stage and a convalescent stage.
The basic indicator in the diagnosis of laboratory reports of CCHF is the decrease in the level of platelets and leukocytes. Enzymes such as aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, creatinine phosphokinase and lactate dehydrogenase tend to increase. Prolonged clotting time is checked by prothrombin test and activated partial thromboplastin test. Fibrinogen is reduced, which tends to form a network for connecting platelets and proteins to form a clot. An increase in fibrin degradation products can be observed. Within 5 to 9 days, the laboratory results of surviving patients become normal.
Conclusion: The treatment strategy for CCHF consists of two aspects, one is to perform symptomatic treatment to cover the deficiencies that occur due to extensive loss of blood cells, such as blood transfusions, platelets or plasma are given to patients. Hypovolemic patients are given electrolytes