مقالات پذیرفته شده در هفتمین کنگره بین المللی زیست پزشکی
Insight to multiple sclerossis disease and treatment
Insight to multiple sclerossis disease and treatment
Zahra Sadat Mirmoeini,1Saman Hakimian,2,*
1. Bachelor student of microbiology, Azad University of Qom Department of basic sciences , Iran 2. M.sc student of microbiology Islamic Azad University Central Tehran Branch, Iran, Tehran
Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease of the central nervous system characterized by a highly variable and unpredictable course.
demyelinating disease it leads to loss of myelin. loss of myelin it can cause neurological defects such as change of vision, weakness ,behavior difficulties and change of sense.
Generally, the first manifestations of MS occur in young patients and predominantly in females before the age of 40 years.
The early symptoms of MS are divided into 5 categories:
1- Disorder in movement and walking
2- Disorder in swallow
3- Disorder in Bladder and intestines
4- Sensory disorder
5- Disorder in memory and cognition
Of course fatigue and depression are very common conditions diagnosed in people with multiple sclerosis. Fatigue is present in 35–97% of people with MS. It is classified as one of the most serious symptoms interfering with daily activities and influencing the quality of life. Fatigue is defined as a subjective lack of physical and/or mental energy.
Methods: The different disease modifying therapies (DMTs) immunomdulating treaments used of the MS include nterferon beta (IFN-β), glatiramer acetate (GA), natalizumab, fingolimod, mitoxantrone, teriflunomide, dimethyl fumarate, alemtuzumab, daclizumab and ocrelizumab. These drugs are largely available in the USA and Europe.
DMTs to reduce the velocity of the disease, to reduce the number of attacks, Reducing the intensity of brain attacks designed but the results of using DMTs are different. whatever drugs be stronger Its complications and risks are more.
There are 22 DMTs drugs approved by the FDA for treatment of MS. there are 5 of them on interferon. Which will received through an injection (muscular or subcutaneous . All of these have side effects.
Results: 1-The people who use mitoxantrone they are controlled for heart disease
2- Alemtuzumab as vein is injected It can be dangerous to health. This drug is usually prescribed only when two other drugs have been tried but have not yielded results.
3-Clinical trials about natalizumab showed that patients can Progressive Multifocal
Leukoencephalopathy (PML)
4- Fingolimod can cause swelling in the behind of eyes, liver injury and PML. But this drug is
First disease modifying therapies and confirmed by FDA for treatment MS in the children.
5-Teriflunomide is oral treatment and has it side effect as like Headache, hair loss and liver injury.
Conclusion: A definitive cause for MS has not been identified .No definitive cure has been identified for MS but The majority of drugs used for treating MS can cause liver injury and for some of them, the reactivation of hepatitis B virus. It also induces fatigue and depression and it also the secondary fatigue and secondary depression in people with MS may be caused by emotional factors, sleep disorders, pain, the coexistence of other diseases and, the use of some medication.