مقالات پذیرفته شده در هفتمین کنگره بین المللی زیست پزشکی
Anti-inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy on Parasitic Drug Resistance
Anti-inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy on Parasitic Drug Resistance
Ashkan Hajjafari,1Soheil Sadr,2Narges Lotfalizadeh,3Hassan Borji,4,*Soroush Partovi Moghaddam,5
1. Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran 2. Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran 3. Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran 4. Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad 5. Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Introduction: Increasing antiparasitic resistance poses a threat to the lives of humans and animals in today's world. In spite of the limited variety, these medicines have been extensively used to treat humans, pets, and food animals. These medicines become less effective as a result of resistance, necessitating alternative treatment approaches. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown promise as a potential therapy for parasitic infections. A number of parasitic infections have been treated with MSCs, including malaria, schistosomiasis, cystic echinococcosis, trypanosomiasis, toxoplasmosis, and leishmaniasis. The prevalence of parasites decreased under MSC therapy. In this way, MSCs may directly combat parasitic infections by preventing parasite survival and proliferation. An examination of the medical literature regarding MSCs and antiparasitic properties will be presented in this review. Despite this being an emerging field of research, we will outline possible mechanisms as well as examine the potential synergy between combination therapies and their possible dangers.
Methods: An extensive search was conducted in nine databases from January 2000 to January 2023 in order to locate published articles on Mesenchymal Stem Cells' anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects on Parasitic Drug Resistance. There were 10,000 studies funded based on search terms such as Mesenchymal stem cells, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, parasite drug resistance, and immunotherapy. We excluded 9700 articles solely based on abstracts of the articles, while we read all 300 articles in their entirety. The study included 50 relevant articles with complete abstracts, which were included in the analysis.
Results: Using MSCs for the treatment of parasitic infections was examined in this study based on the most recent preclinical studies. The current study summarized empirical findings on the effects of MSC therapy against parasitic infections. Study findings indicate that administering MSCs reduces the prevalence of parasites such as toxoplasmosis, schistosomiasis, malaria, cystic echinococcosis, leishmaniasis, and trypanosomiasis in patients with these infections. Cytokines that stimulate or inhibit inflammation are modulated by it. Furthermore, the anti-parasitic and immunomodulatory properties of MSCs were improved by their administration with anti-parasitic medications. Inhibition of fibrosis caused by MSCs and their use successfully in infectious disease therapy suggest that MSCs could be effective in treating S-japonicum infection and may allow a better understanding of how MSCs affect disease mechanisms. Plasmodium infection is prevented by malaria's MSCs since they modulate immune responses and reprogram erythropoiesis. Hepatogenic differentiation potential, immunomodulatory properties, and the ability to secrete trophic factors make BM-MSC transplants a promising alternative to liver regeneration. Due to the role the immune system plays in the physiopathology of Chagas disease, BM-MSC may be an effective cell type for treating Chagasic cardiomyopathy. It has been found that human BM-MSCs are more effective at eliminating toxoplasma gondii than mouse BM-MSCs, which require pretreatment with IFN-, TNF-, and IL-1 before they can be effective at eliminating toxoplasma gondii. A cell-based assay revealed promising immunomodulatory results from L-major (related to the visceral form).
Conclusion: A synergistic effect was observed with MSCs in combination with conventional antiparasitic medications. The researchers discovered that these medications were enhanced by combining them with MSCs. It is, therefore, likely that MSCs may enhance the efficacy of antiparasitic drugs, ultimately leading to improved therapeutic results. Therefore, the combination of MSCs with anti-parasitic medications holds great promise for both the prevention and treatment of parasitic diseases. In addition to reducing parasite prevalence and modulating the immune response, MSC therapy is effective as an adjunct treatment strategy. MSCs must be further researched and tested in clinical trials in order for their safety and efficacy to be validated. This study offers a convincing starting point for more research on parasitic diseases and hopes for more effective interventions for the protection of both humans and animals.