Introduction: Colon cancer is a type of cancer that affects the colon, which is the final part of the digestive tract. It usually begins as a small, noncancerous growth called a polyp that can develop into cancer over time. Colon cancer is often diagnosed through screenings such as colonoscopies and can be treated through surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. Risk factors for colon cancer include age, family history of colon cancer, certain genetic conditions, a diet high in red and processed meats, lack of physical activity, obesity, smoking, and heavy alcohol use
Methods: data was downloaded from the NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) website (GSE102342 and GSE97013). The FPKM data was normalized using the normalizeBetweenArrays() function from the limma package. This function normalizes the data by dividing each gene's expression by the library size of the sample in which it was measured. This helps to account for differences in sequencing depth between samples.
Results: Curcumin is a naturally occurring compound found in the spice turmeric. It has been studied for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. In relation to cancer, curcumin has shown promise as a potential chemopreventive agent. It has been found to inhibit the growth of cancer cells, induce apoptosis (programmed cell death), and inhibit the formation of blood vessels that supply nutrients to tumors. Curcumin has also been investigated for its ability to enhance the effectiveness of chemotherapy and reduce its side effects
Conclusion: Curcumin has been shown to inhibit the growth of colon cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Curcumin exerts its anti-cancer effects through a number of pathways, including the inhibition of cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. More research is needed to fully understand the potential benefits of curcumin for the treatment of colon cancer.
Keywords: Colon cancer, Gene expression, High throughput RNA-seq, Meta-analyses, Curcumin