• Effects of Aerobic and Interval training on G6Pase expression in The hepatocytes and Fasting Glucose in Type-2 diabetic rats
  • Samin Khalilzadeh Kouchameshki,1 Mansour Khalilzadeh Kouchameshki,2 Mehri Ghahramani Dereshki,3,*
    1. 12th grade student, Farzangan Girls High School, Haj Muhammad Talaaie Scientific Research Institute, Selmas , West Azarbaijan, Iran.
    2. Assistant Prof, Department of Physical education and sports science, Salmas Branch, Islamic Azad University, Salmas, Iran.
    3. (Correspondence) Assistant Prof, Department of Exercise Physiology, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.


  • Introduction: Type 2 diabetes is a general health problem in the world, with complications that place a heavy burden on the public health system. Increased production of glucose in the liver is responsible for increasing fasting blood glucose and an important part of glucose uptake after eating a meal in diabetic people. Insulin controls the production of glucose in the liver by controlling the expression of two G6Pase enzymes and PEPCK , involved in the gluconeogenesis process (1). These enzymes are regulated by PGC-1α (2). G6Pase is one of the key enzymes involved in gluconeogenesis that converts glucose 6 phosphate to glucose. The presence of this enzyme allows the tissue to release glucose into the blood. Glucagon and Insulin regulates the expression of PGC-1α, thereby controlling the transcription of G6Pase (3). On the other hand, exercise is generally recommended because of the beneficial effects on glucose control in the treatment of T2D (4). Exercise improves insulin function and glucose hemostasis and insulin sensitivity (5). However, further studies are needed to evaluate in detail the relative effect of exercise. Therefore, identifying the effect of exercise training on hepatic gluconeogenesis in diabetic patients and how to regulate the genes involved in it, is an undeniable necessity to find a milestone in helping to reduce diabetes complications. In the present study, the effect of 10 weeks of Aerobic and Interval training on the expression of G6Pase gene in the liver of diabetic rats was investigated.
  • Methods: The present research was done on male Wistar rats. The sample consisted of 24 rats in a 10-week-old age range of 220 (± 20) grams, selected randomly. First, type 2 diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of nicotine amide and streptozotocin in the subjects (6). To ensure diabetic rats, 72 hours after diabetes induction, fasting blood glucose was measured and blood glucose above 250 mg/dl, It has been considered as a criterion for ensuring that rats develop type 2 diabetes (7). After type 2 diabetes induction, the samples were divided into Three groups of Aerobic, Interval and Controlled. The training program was 10 weeks and five times a week, with a gradual increase in speed (8, 9). 48 hours after the last training session, liver tissue samples were taken after an overnight fast. Fasting glucose, serum insulin, insulin resistance, G6Pase gene expression in hepatocyte were measured in All three groups. After confirming the normal distribution of data with Shapiro Wilk test and homogeneity of data with Levene’s test, One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) along with the LSD follow-up test was used to compare the means of the indices. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22 at the significant level of 0.05.
  • Results: Based on the results obtained, the blood glucose level in the Aerobic and interval diabetic groups was about 27.9% and 26.3% lower than the control group, respectively and the results of the ANOVA showed a significant difference between the blood glucose levels in the Aerobic and interval diabetic groups compared to the diabetic control group (P <0.0001). Also, the level of blood insulin in the Aerobic and interval diabetic groups was about 28.5 and 27.3% higher than the control group, respectively and 10 weeks of interval training significantly increased the level of serum insulin in the Aerobic and interval diabetic groups compared to the diabetic control group (P <0.0001). Insulin resistance respectively was about 7.47% and 6.6% lower in the Aerobic and interval diabetic groups than in the diabetic control group. Despite the decrease in insulin resistance in the Aerobic and interval diabetic groups compared to the control group, this decrease was not significant (P = 0.226). G6Pase gene expression respectively increased by 37% and 24% after 10 weeks of Aerobic and interval exercise in Aerobic and Interval diabetic groups compared to diabetic control group. Based on ANOVA, there was no significant difference between groups in G6Pase gene expression (P = 0.551). In other words, 10 weeks of Aerobic and interval trainings did not affect G6Pase gene expression in type 2 diabetic rats.
  • Conclusion: In this study, the effect of 10 weeks of Aerobic and Interval trainings on G6Pase in liver, glucose and insulin tissues in T2D rats was studied. The results of this study showed that Aerobic and Interval trainings led to a significant decrease in glucose and a significant increase in serum insulin level in T2D rats,but there was no significant difference between groups in G6Pase gene expression. Based on the available evidence regarding the increase in hepatic glucose production and the process of gluconeogenesis as an important pathological factor in diabetic patients, aerobic and interval activity probably leads to a decrease in gluconeogenesis with an increase in insulin levels and ultimately a decrease in glucose production, According to the results of this study, this glycemic regulation, control and improvement of values Blood glucose and insulin have been tested without affecting G6Pase gene expression. However, given the limited research on the cellular and molecular domain of diabetes and under the influence of different types of exercise training with different intensities, and because of the limited scope of the present study, further laboratory and field studies are needed to elucidate other mechanisms.
  • Keywords: Aerobic exercise, Interval exercise, G6Pase, Type 2 diabetic