Sohrab Heydarian,1,*
1. Department of Veterinary, Agriculture Faculty, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran.
Introduction: Cancer is an abnormal growth of cells whose proximate cause is an imbalance in cell proliferation and death that breaks the control and balance system normal physiological and whose ultimate cause is one or more of a variety of alterations genetics.
Methods: In this article, a collection of articles dealing with the topic of the proposed cell therapy in cancer treatment from pubmed, google scholar, nature databases with the keywords Cell therapy, Cancer management, Cancer treatment, Adoptive cell transfer, Cancer care, Cancer cells, CAR T-cell therapy,… were searched and finally 100 articles related to the subject were found and analyzed.
Results: The results of the studies showed: Clinical trials of cell therapy are currently continuing to many different types of cancer. Cell therapy is a type of treatment that involves using living cells to treat or prevent diseases. In cancer treatment, cell therapy is used to boost the immune system's ability to fight cancer cells or to directly target and destroy cancer cells. There are two main types of cell therapy used in cancer treatment: 1. Adoptive cell transfer (ACT): This involves taking immune cells from a patient's body, modifying them in the laboratory to enhance their ability to recognize and attack cancer cells, and then infusing them back into the patient's body. 2. CAR T-cell therapy: This involves genetically engineering a patient's T cells (a type of immune cell) to express chimeric antigen receptors that can recognize and bind to specific proteins on cancer cells. The modified T cells are then infused back into the patient's body to seek out and destroy cancer cells. Both ACT and CAR T-cell therapy have shown promising results in clinical trials for certain types of cancer, such as leukemia and lymphoma. More recently, scientists have developed new cancer therapies combining genetic and cellular therapies. Specifically, researchers have developed genes that encode artificial receptors that, when are expressed by immune cells, they allow these cells to recognize specifically cancer cells, thereby increasing the ability of these immune cells genetically modified to kill cancer cells in the patient. However, these therapies can also cause serious side effects, such as cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity, which require close monitoring and management.
Conclusion: In conclusion, cell therapy is an innovative approach to cancer treatment that has the potential to improve outcomes for patients with certain types of cancer. Researchers believe that this method may be promising in the future for patients with many types different from cancer. Cell therapy can be used as a novel and functional method for cancer treatment. Ongoing research is needed to further refine and optimize these therapies and to identify which patients are most likely to benefit from them.
Keywords: Cell therapy; Cancer treatment; Adoptive cell transfer; cancer cells