Kissing disease and other Infectious mononucleosis review article
Kissing disease and other Infectious mononucleosis review article
Samaneh Abedi,1Saman Hakimian,2,*
1. Graduated in a Master degree in bacteriology from Zabul University , Iran 2. M.sc student of Microbiology Islamic Azad University Central Tehran Branch,Iran,Tehran
Introduction: The Epstein-Barr virus is a fascinating human herpesvirus whose study has provided unique insight into host:pathogen interactions and complex cellular molecular processes. Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is an oncogenic virus infecting more than 95% of the world’s population. The virus is the first discovered human tumor virus . EBV was discovered 40 years ago from examining electron micrographs of cells cultured from Burkitt’s lymphoma, a childhood tumour that is common in sub-Saharan Africa, where its unusual geographical distribution — which matches that of holoendemic malaria —indicated a viral aetiology. It is one of the members of the herpes virus that can infect humans. EBV — a γ-herpesvirus — was found to be in all human populations. Epstein-Barr virus is transmitted from person to person through body fluids, especially saliva.
Methods: This is why mononucleosis, one of the most famous infections associated with this virus, is commonly known as the kissing disease. But you can also get infected by sharing personal items such as toothbrushes or food containers with someone who has this virus in their body. In addition, the virus can be spread through blood and semen. After primary infection—responsible for infectious mononucleosis in young adults—the virus persists lifelong in the infected host, especially in memory B cells .One of the main symptoms of Epstein- Barr is fever, which can last for several weeks. In the early stages, these infections can be controlled, but if they progress, they can become more dangerous.
Results: The most common Epstein-Barr symptoms that teens and adults can experience include: fever feeling tired headache sore throat swollen lymph nodes in the neck or under the arms swollen tonsils enlarged spleen (splenomegaly) skin rash. these symptoms can last for 2 to 4 last for weeks, although fatigue may last for weeks or months.The continuing studies of EBV have identified additional cancers and diseases linked to EBV . EBV it can lead to cancers such as lymphoma or carcinoma. Recent reports also suggest a link between EBV infection and multiple sclerosis.
Conclusion: were used They showed for the first time that the IM attack rate increases significantly and exactly in relation to the usual age of onset of puberty. And the results they observed thatThe cumulative risk of IM before age 30 years was 13.3% for males and 22.4% for females. and predicted that IM is likely to become more common in the coming years through the latency of EBV infection.