pardis,1Saman Hakimian,2,*
1. Bachelor student of microbiology at Azad Karaj University , Alborz , Iran 2. M.sc student of Microbiology Islamic Azad University Central Tehran Branch,Iran,Tehran
Introduction: Gangre is clinical condition of ischemic and necrotic tissues. The three main types of gangrene are wet
gangrene, dry gangrene, and gas gangrene.The cause of gangrene maybe a bacterium called clostridium
perfringe
And for gas gangrene is the cause of clostridium septicum,clostridium sordellii . The spread of gangrene
around the world shows that this disease is increasing in America, Turkey, and Germany.
Fortunately, gangrene can be treated and with timely and quick diagnosis, the death of these people can
be prevented. the pathogenesis of gas gangrene. Although several theories have been proposed to
explain the pathologies, it is the general consensus that the local and systemic manifestations of gas
gangrene are, in fact, related to the elaboration of potent extracellular protein toxins.
Methods: The classic features of gas gangrene caused by Clostridium perfringens type A can be attributed to the
action of potent extracellular bacterial toxins on host cell function. Both α- and θ-toxins contribute to the
progression of vascular injury and tissue destruction through their ability to prime leukocyte functional
activity and to stimulate soluble and cell-associated proadhesive molecule expression in both leukocytes
and endothelial cells. The chapter describes one physiological mechanism—that is, direct inhibition of
myocardial contractility, whereby phospholipase C mediates cardiovascular collapse. Thus, therapeutic
strategies directed against bacterial toxin activity in vivo, such as neutralization of toxins with specific
antibodies or inhibition of toxin synthesis with antibiotics, are valuable adjuncts to traditional
antimicrobial regimens.
Results: The pathogenesis of gangrene following intra-arterial
injection of drugs is unclear. Clinical reports and this
experiment suggest that it only follows injection of highly
membrane-soluble drugs. Early swelling and disruption of capillary endothelial cells were demonstrated
after
intra-arterial injection of diazepam and thiopentone
Conclusion: We believe
that a theory of pathogenesis based on this finding is
consistent not only with our experimental findings, but with
known in vitro effects of membrane soluble drugs on cell
membranes and the clinical features following intra-arterial
injections in both human subjects and in animals.
Keywords: gas gangrene. closridium perfringe. pathologies