Malaria disease, treatment and vaccination review article
Malaria disease, treatment and vaccination review article
Mohaddese Dorkhosh,1Saman Hakimian,2,*
1. Bachelor student in biology, Azad University, zanjan branch 2. M.sc student of Microbiology Islamic Azad, university Centeral Tehran Branch,Iran,Tehran
Introduction: Malaria is an infectious and contagious disease caused by a protozoan of the genus Plasmodium in tropical and subtropical regions.
The symptoms of this disease are severe fever and chills and physical symptoms similar to the flu.
Plasmodium is transmitted to humans by the bite of an infected female Anopheles mosquito, and it has several species, but the most common types are Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax. Plasmodium falciparum is the most deadly malaria parasite and the most common parasite in the African continent.
Methods: A severe decrease in vitamin E is observed in patients with severe malaria. A decrease in the level of vitamin E in patients with malaria may indicate an increase in the need for increased destruction or an increase in the use of vitamin E during malaria infection, since the Plasmodium parasite affects red blood cells. In malaria patients, the cause of vitamin E deficiency may be its transmission. to the membrane of red blood cells to fight the increase of oxidative stress during the acute phase of Plasmodium infection. Vitamin E can protect the membrane of red blood cells against oxidative stress.
In malaria disease, children and pregnant women are the most dangerous groups.
Results: Widespread chloroclin resistance and pirimethamine sulfadoxine resistance are increasingly recognized in Africa.
Currently, the only malaria vaccine is RTS, which cannot be widely used due to its low efficiency.
Consumption of antioxidant vitamin E and foods rich in vitamin E are recommended for the management of malaria patients.
Therefore, the combination of antimalarial drugs with antioxidant agents can be a promising approach to increase the management and control of malaria
Conclusion: Malaria especially during pregnancy may lead to maternal death, miscarriage or stillbirth.
Malaria disrupts the function of the placenta, especially in early pregnancies, and may even be transmitted from the mother to the fetus.
The number of malaria patients is increasing with global warming.
And most of the concern is due to the increase in mortality due to the increase in malaria drug resistance. Plasmodium falciparum is now resistant to almost all antimalarial drugs.