A review on the effect of qnrVC gene on the virulence and antibiotic resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria
A review on the effect of qnrVC gene on the virulence and antibiotic resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria
Morteza Rajabi,1Sana Yahyazadeh Jasour,2,*
1. Department of Genetics, school of Basic Sciences, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran 2. Department of Microbiology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Introduction: Pseudomonas is a genus of Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria that leads to infectious diseases in both plants and animals [1]. The emergence of P. aeruginosa as a major opportunistic human pathogen during the past century may be a consequence of its resistance to the antibiotics and disinfectants that eliminate other environmental bacteria [2].
Due to the extensive capabilities for regulation, survival and resistance to multiple classes of antimicrobials, P. aeruginosa strains diseases can be life-threatening and are developing worldwide as an open health risk. One of these broad capabilities is genomic resistance, and
P. aeruginosa strains have broad genomes.They have a wide metabolic capacity. Specifically, they are characterized by a high capacity to deliver multiple metabolites and co-polymers, as well as to utilize different carbon sources and electron acceptors.
Some diseases caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria such as: urinary infections, respiratory tract, skin, inflammation and swelling, soft tissue infections, bacteremia (the presence of bacteria in the blood), bone and joint infections, stomach and intestinal infections and There are different types. Systemic infections, especially in patients with severe burns, cancer and AIDS patients whose immune system is suppressed [3].
The qnrVC family was first described in Vibrio cholerae in 2008. It is indirectly related with: lasB, toxA, exoS,algD, these genes are more involved in various infections like skin infections [4].
Methods: qnrVC genes have been demonstrated as a source of anti-microbial resistance and also causes infection, and this conflict infection can be of the skin type [5]. Multiple studies have been done about qnrVC genes that shows the role of this genes in multidrug-resistance Ralstonia pickettii wound infection in some patients [6].
Results: Skin is the human body's largest organ. It plays a vital role as the primary protective barrier of the body against pathogens, chemical, and mechanical stresses [1]. when this integral barrier is damaged, an ulcer or wound can form. An open wound becomes a suitable place for a wide range of microorganisms, including Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Also, this gene (qnrVC) is prevalence in foodborne and communicate with gryA and parC genes, which are commonly associated with ciprofloxacin resistance. Fourteen qnrVC variant genes that contained novel mutations were detected. In this review, we mentioned the role of qnrvC gene in antibiotic resistance and increasing the intensity of infection.
For a long time, P. aeruginosa has been a stable form of life and has attracted the attention of the rational community to think about the way of life and bacterial pathogenesis. It continuously has been of specific significance due to causing tireless contaminations in CF and immunocompromised patients.
Conclusion: These days, P. aeruginosa is recognized worldwide as an open health risk due to its increasing resistance to various classes of antimicrobials. Over the past decade, extensive inquiries into reflection have focused on these developing concerns. qnrVC genes have been shown to be the source of antimicrobial resistance, but more studies are needed, and the ones mentioned are still not enough.