Future of Osteogenesis with a Cannabis-made 3D Scaffold Coated with Reduced Graphene Oxide
Future of Osteogenesis with a Cannabis-made 3D Scaffold Coated with Reduced Graphene Oxide
Fateme HojatySaeedi,1Saadi Hosseini,2Naser Farrokhi,3Mehdi Jahanfar,4Atefeh Alipour,5Hosein Shahsavarani,6,*
1. Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran-Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Biomedical Innovations, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran 2. Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Biomedical Innovations, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran 3. Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran 4. Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran 5. Department of Nanobiotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 13169-43551, Iran 6. Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
Introduction: Nanomaterials (NMs) can improve scaffold behavior during tissue engineering. However, NMs have to be biocompatible and conductive, in addition to having particular mechanical and thermal properties, to be considered suitable for bone differentiation. These features of NMs allow surface improvements to establish an extracellular matrix suitable for better cell attachment, regeneration and proliferation of tissues. Reduced graphene oxide (RGO) has shown to bear the mentioned characteristics to promote osteogenic differentiation of stem cells to enhance bone formation.
The purpose of this study was to use RGO as an NM to help improve the tissue engineering scaffold for human cell culture with specific aim of studying the differentiation of stem cells into osteoblast. We extensively investigated the suitability of RGO for use in cell culture. This included the attachment to scaffold and evaluation of surface morphology of RGO coated scaffold, chemical composition, hydrophilicity, biodegradability as well as its ability to support cell viability, proliferation, adhesion, and osteogenic differentiation.
The high viability and proliferation of cells showed the biocompatibility of RGO. In addition, the expression of osteogenic differentiation of stem cell, showed its potential use in tissue engineering. Overall, these results suggest that RGO has favorable physiochemistry properties, which make it a suitable NM for cell culture. Future studies could investigate the performance of RGO in vivo and its potential use in regenerative medicine.