The Effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on the improvement of pregnancy outcomes in patients with repeated IVF failure: A Review Article
The Effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on the improvement of pregnancy outcomes in patients with repeated IVF failure: A Review Article
Somayeh Nikkhah,1,*
1. Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman Branch,Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran.
Introduction: More than four decades of use of assisted reproductive technology (ART) have passed around the worldwide, But more than 60% of women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatments fail to become pregnant after the first embryo transfer and nearly 20% of patients are suffering from unexplained recurrent implantation failures (RIFs) and repeated pregnancy loss (RPL). The studies have reported different causes of RIF-RPL, mainly multifactorial, endometrial and idiopathic. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP), which represents a valuable source of growth factors, is increasingly being applied in human reproductive medicine. Recent findings suggest the feasibility of using PRP in the treatment of infertility secondary to refractory thin endometrium. Indications for PRP therapy show its positive effects in promoting endometrial and follicular growth and gestation in assisted reproduction cycles, as has been proven in animals. This review studyaimed to determine the effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on the improvement of pregnancy outcomes in patients with repeated IVF failure.
Methods: In order to investigate effect PRP on the improvement of pregnancy outcomes in patients with repeated IVF failure which have been studied to date, keywords including Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and In Vitro Fertilisation(IVF) was searched in the following databases: ISI, Pub Med, Science direct, Google Scholar, Scopus, Science direct, Iran medex and Magiran from 2019 to 2023 and 27 papers were evaluated.
Results: RIF has remained a black box because of the complicated categorization and causes of this physio-pathological dysregulation of implantation and pregnancy process after ovarian stimulation but endometrial thickness has been identified as a prognostic factor for pregnancy rate for patients with female infertility. Thin endometrium is defined as <7 mm on the day of ovulation, during in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles. Many options were suggested as solutions for improving the endometrial thickness and embryo implantation rate of the patients with thin endometirum and in order to treat RIF-RPL with controversial results on their usefulness and and clinical outcomes. One of these options is PRP that applications in human reproductive medicine are recent, and the role of platelet growth factors in improving the endometrial environment is well known. Indications for PRP therapy show its positive effects in promoting endometrial and follicular growth and gestation in assisted reproduction cycles. . Some randomized controlled trials have reported the application of PRP for patients with thin endometrium with satisfactory effect. So that could effectively improve uterine proliferation, markedly accelerate endometrial damage repairment and increase the fertility ratein in failures following IVF.
Conclusion: According to studies, PRP can be a promising therapeutic solution in patients with RIF-RPL and be effective in improving pregnancy outcomes.