Determination of Flavonoid Compounds with Antidiabetic Properties in Medicinal Plants and Fruits by HPLC
Determination of Flavonoid Compounds with Antidiabetic Properties in Medicinal Plants and Fruits by HPLC
Noushin Shakouri,1,*Cevat Nisbet,2
1. Noushin Shakouri Ph.D student in University of Ondokuzmayis, Samsun, Turkey 2. Department of biochemisr ry faculty of veterinery medicine, University of Ondokuzmayis, Samsun, Turkey
Introduction: Interest in the determination of the concentrations of flavonoid compounds, which have antidiabetic properties, in medicinal plants and fruits by HPLC has been increased in recent years.
In particular, the widespread use of HPLC systems with good separation capability allows us the determination of concentrations of these compounds in more food samples.
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic abnormality with hyperglycemia. This disease is due to defects in the secretion or activity of insulin or both.
Various researches have shown that flavonoids, as one of the important anti-diabetic substances in plants, are able to reduce blood sugar and increase secretion and sensitivity of insulin.
The positive effect of flavonoids due to the Increasing the intracellular amount of vitamin C
Preventing permeability and rupture of capillaries and strengthening the body's immune system,
affects the pancreas and its beta cells and treats diabetes. On the other hand, the consumption of flavonoids that have hıgh antioxidants activity clean free radicals ın body.
The aim of this study was to use the HPLC method to analyze Flavonoids such as quercetin, apigenin and catechin are found in medicinal and aromatic plants and fruits such as green tea (Camellia sinensis L.), dill (Anethum graveolens L.), sage (Salvia fruticosa MILLER.), chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.), and pomegranate (Punica granatum L.).
Methods: HPLC was used for the determination of these components. Optimal parameters for HPLC were determined before quantitative analysis. Parameters injection volume 20 microliter column temperature 35 oC and the flow rate was found 1 ml/min for all 3 compounds.
Different parts of plant samples were used such as leaves of green tea, leaves and above ground parts of dill and sage tea, flowers of chamomile and peel of pomegranate.
The samples are washed with pure water after collection Then these were dried and turned into powder. The dried samples were milled. Then 5 g of the samples were weighed and a solution was prepared by 25 ml of ethanol (80%-Water). The solutions were incubated with stirring at room temperature for 24 hours. thenThe extracts were filtered by Whatman filter paper 1.
Results: The analysis results show that, catechin concentration in green tea, dill and sage tea and, chamomile flower and pomegranate peel was respectively 24.2666, 6.8694, 6.8990, 4.7631, 11.2824mg/ml.
Quercetin concentration was in sage tea and dill and pomegranate peel respectively was 3.0461, 1.7850, 0.7029 and it was not found quercetin in green tea leaves and chamomile flowers.
Apigenin concentration was in chamomile flowers and sage tea, respectively, 3.5599, 2.9129 and not found in others.
Total quercetin, apigenin and catechin concentrations in selected samples were detected in green tea, dill and sage chamomile flowers and pomegranate peel, respectively. 24.2668, 8.6544, 12.8580, 8.3230 and 11.9853 mg/ml.
Conclusion: The analysis results show that the highest and lowest quercetin concentrations were respectively:
Sage (Salvia fruticosa MILLER.), 3.0461mg/ml and pomegranate peel (Punica granatum L.) 0.7029 mg/ml, were found.
The highest and lowest apigenin concentrations were found in chamomile (3.5599mg/ml) and sage (2.9129mg/ml)
It was observed that the highest catechin concentration was found in green tea (24.2668) and pomegranate peel (11.2824) and the lowest 6.8694mg/ml catechin concentration was found in dill (6.8694mg/ml). In the samples we selected, the highest total quercetin, apigenin and catechin concentrations were 24. 2668mg/ml in green tea and lowest concentrations were found 8.3230 mg/ml in chamomile.
The results of our study on the use of the extracts of the plants we used for this purpose are qualified and may lead to the candidate for new products that can be used in the regenerative treatment of diabetic patients. In future studies, catechin, quercetin and apigenin may be isolated from these plants and added to foods to help balance blood sugar. The data obtained as a result of this analyzes may lead to the development t of new antidiabetic drugs and will enable scientific evaluation of the effectiveness of these plants, which are used as antidiabetics among the public.
These plants can be a source for herbal medicines. Thus, natural drugs with reduced side effects can be obtained.