• The Efficacy of Probiotics in Managing Peri-Implantitis: A systematic review assessing the role of probiotics in the prevention and treatment of peri-implant diseases
  • Abolfazl Azimi,1,*
    1. Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University Tehran, Iran


  • Introduction: Peri-implant diseases, especially peri-implantitis, represent the main difficulties in dental implantology because of their relatedness to inflammation and bone loss around dental implants. Probiotics have recently become a possible alternative therapy that aims to regulate the peri-implant microbiota and strengthen the immune system.
  • Methods: This systematic review systematically evaluates the effectiveness of probiotics in the treatment of peri-implant diseases. The PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases were searched comprehensively for studies published till 2024. In that were randomized controlled trials (RCTs), pilot studies, narrative reviews, and meta-analyses on probiotics' effect on peri-implant diseases. Outcome parameters ranged from clinical signs such as bleeding on probing, plaque index, probing pocket depth, to microbiological profiles and inflammatory biomarkers.
  • Results: The review results present a complex picture of the probiotics efficacy in the peri-implant disease therapy. Other trials showed favorable results for clinical indicators after probiotic intervention, but some of them were inconclusive or showed limited benefits. Meta-analyses had inconsistent findings, with the statistical significance differing across different studies.
  • Conclusion: The data assembled above emphasize the complexity of probiotics' role in the treatment of peri-implant disease, and more research is required to establish their efficacy and provide standard protocols. Tackling key research voids, including probiotic strains, dosages, and duration of treatment, is quintessential for guiding clinical practice properly. Although there are encouraging findings, a cautious approach is necessary, until there is thorough validation by means of large-scale and long-term clinical trials.
  • Keywords: Peri-Implantitis, Probiotics, Treatment, oral health, periodontistry