مقالات پذیرفته شده در هشتمین کنگره بین المللی زیست پزشکی
Novel polysaccharides: a path to safety
Novel polysaccharides: a path to safety
Mina Shirmohammadpour,1Sajjad Jafari,2Bahman Mirzaei,3,*
1. Department of Microbiology and Virology, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran 2. Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, West Azerbaijan, Iran 3. Department of Microbiology and Virology, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
Introduction: The surface of cells is enveloped by a compact coating of glycans, referred to as the cellular glycocalyx. The intricate glycans within the glycocalyx are implicated in diverse biological occurrences such as bacterial pathogenicity and safeguarding bacteria against environmental stressors. Polysaccharides located on the outer surface of bacterial cells are tremendously conserved and accessible molecules, thus rendering them exceptional targets for immunological purposes. Consequently, bacterial polysaccharides and their repetitive units have been extensively examined as antigens in the advancement of antibacterial vaccines. This review critically examines the recent progress made in the field of bacterial polysaccharide-based vaccinations targeting various pathogenic bacteria that affect the human population.
Methods: A PubMed search was conducted for "glycoconjugate vaccine", "immunization" and "vaccination" in English articles published from 1923 to 2033.
Results: Vaccination is widely regarded as the most efficient and cost-effective platform for combating infectious diseases. Carbohydrates, acting as antigens, are abundant and positioned on the cell surface to be acknowledged by the immune system of the host. They are heavily guarded on bacterial cells and serve as essential pathogenic factors crucial for bacterial survival. Due to this reason, there is immense interest in vaccine preparation technology regarding carbohydrates. Consequently, numerous bacterial polysaccharides have been successfully transformed into vaccines and employed in clinical settings to manage diverse bacterial infections.
Conclusion: Emerging technologies facilitate vaccine development and contribute to the battle against various infections that pose threats to human life. Furthermore, they alleviate the social and economic burden associated with infectious diseases, thereby augmenting human health and well-being.