مقالات پذیرفته شده در هشتمین کنگره بین المللی زیست پزشکی
Innovative Approaches for Uterine Regeneration: Stem Cells, Tissue Engineering, and Nanoparticles
Innovative Approaches for Uterine Regeneration: Stem Cells, Tissue Engineering, and Nanoparticles
Zahra Maravandi,1,*Omolbanin Banihashemi,2
1. Department of Biology, Nagheshejahan higher education institute, Esfahan, Iran 2. Department of Biology, Nagheshejahan higher education institute, Esfahan, Iran
Introduction: The present research has focused on the problem of tissue regeneration in the uterus to resolve such complicated conditions as uterine adhesions, endometriosis, or myometrium regarded as serious causes of infertility and chronic health problems connected with reproductive functions. Traditional treatments involving surgery and hormonal therapies alone often cannot produce long-lasting effects and can result in serious complications such as scarring, adhesions, or incomplete recovery. Advanced solutions searched for in this study include stem cell therapy, tissue engineering, and the addition of nanoparticles for treatment. The focus of this present study is on tissue regeneration in the uterus for the solution of such complicated conditions as adhesions of the uterus, endometriosis, and myometrium damage conditions, which are substantial causes of infertility and chronic problems in reproductive health. Traditional treatments, including surgery and hormonal therapies, frequently cannot provide long-lasting results and are more than often complicated by scarring, adhesions, or incomplete recovery. Advanced solutions being investigated in the present work include stem cell therapy, tissue engineering, and the addition of nanoparticles. Such a trend opens new horizons for treatment. The relevance of this investigation is an attempt for more effective therapy with less invasion that could restore normal uterine function and improve fertility.
Methods: This study focused on several ways of improving the utility of stem cells, bioengineered scaffolds, nanoparticles, and advanced aspects of tissue engineering. Notably, the involvement of stem cells, particularly of mesenchymal origin, is deemed crucial due to their well-documented abilities in regeneration and differentiation. Stem cells are also obtained from bone marrow, among other sources, such as umbilical cords, and mixed with bioengineered scaffolds to take action as support for tissue growth. The scaffolds are made to emulate the uterine environment by modeling them with decellularized uterine matrices and gelatin/polycaprolactone biofilms, which should contribute to better cell proliferation and repair.
Integration of nanoparticles into these regenerative therapies, enhancing their effectiveness and potential. For instance, gold and silica nanoparticles enhance growth factor delivery and further increase the potency of stem cell therapies. They are involved in controlled release processes of key factors that further increase tissue repair angiogenesis, such as VEGF and PRP. Secondly, nanomaterials enhance scaffold biocompatibility with already available uterine tissue. The techniques of 3D bioprinting were also studied for more complicated geometries of tissues.
Results: Several promising findings are reported in the study, the most important of which is the synergistic effect following the treatment with stem cell therapy, bioengineered scaffolds, and nanoparticles. Specifically, MSCs in combination with nanomaterials promoted tissue repair and caused a huge enhancement in the regeneration of myometrial and endometrial layers. Similarly, MSC-loaded scaffolds exhibited better biocompatibility and integration into existing tissues due to the control of nanoparticle growth factor release and inflammation.
It has been demonstrated that golden-based or silica-based nanoparticles enhance the delivery of the growth factors, thus accelerating tissue regeneration and angiogenesis of the uterine tissue. Extended-release of such factors would ensure continuous regeneration while reducing possible adverse side effects, such as excessive fibrosis or overgrowth of tissues. Nanoparticle-augmented PRP therapy shows performance, thickening the endometrium among patients with thin uterine linings and improving their implantation and conceiving abilities.
Remarkably, the combination of nanoparticles with bioengineered scaffolds exhibited, in animal models, profound structural restoration of uterine tissue. Scaffolds reinforced with nanoparticles enhance cell adhesion and increase tissue performance proliferation and differentiation. It has also been noted that nanoparticles reduce recurrence in adhesions like Asherman's syndrome by modulating inflammation into long-term healing.
Conclusion: This review underlines the innovative potential of combining nanoparticles with stem cell treatment and tissue engineering in uterine regeneration. It further shows that nanoparticles enhanced growth factor delivery and efficacy in the biocompatibility and functionality of bioengineered scaffolds. This may lead to better treatment modalities for pathologies that affect uterine health by offering minimally invasive, more sustainable treatments for women affected by infertility, endometriosis, or uterine adhesions.
Furthermore, nanotechnology-based regenerative medicine offers promising enhancements in the precision and efficiency of treatment. Such a review has pointed out the critical role of nanomaterials in increasing therapeutic outcomes through targeted and controlled interventions.