Introduction: Stem cells, found in all multicellular organisms, can self-renew and differentiate into specialized cells, offering hope for regenerative medicine and cell therapy. Recent advancements have made these cells a promising tool for treating difficult diseases. However, challenges and limitations remain, necessitating further research to fully harness their potential. This paper explores the fundamental concepts, applications, and future prospects of stem cell usage.
Methods: This study aims to provide a comprehensive review of previous research on mesenchymal stem cells. A systematic literature search was conducted in reputable databases using the following keywords: [Mesenchymal stem cells; extraction; cellular differentiation; biomedical applications]. Studies were included if they were published in English after 2010.
Results: This study provides a comprehensive overview of stem cell biology, highlighting their potential as a promising therapeutic tool. While significant advancements have been made, challenges related to cell source, differentiation, and safety remain. Further research is necessary to fully realize the therapeutic potential of stem cells.
Conclusion: All current therapeutic methods have specific advantages and disadvantages, but today, the use of stem cells, due to their complete genetic compatibility with the individual, has led to the development of new therapeutic approaches. The very interesting and diverse characteristics of stem cells provide them with extraordinary potential and capabilities. The emergence of stem cells in medicine and the pharmaceutical industry has enabled many therapeutic methods in targeted drug delivery and toxicology. In recent years, significant advancements have been made in the methods of culturing and isolating stem cells; however, the comprehensive application of stem cells in medicine and drug discovery depends on strong scientific development and reproducible and defined cell line cultivation.
Given the remarkable advancements in medical science and medical equipment in the near future, it will, God willing, be possible to fully utilize stem cells for the regeneration and repair of all living organs.