Introduction: Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) stands as a formidable challenge in the realm of oncology, with its aggressive nature and complex treatment requirements. The cornerstone of AML management has traditionally been chemotherapy, with a myriad of agents employed to combat this malignancy. This study delves into the comparative efficacy of various chemotherapy drugs, aiming to elucidate the most effective treatment modalities for AML patients.
Methods: This study embraced a comprehensive retrospective analysis, encompassing a diverse cohort of 150 AML patients. The demographic distribution included 90 male and 60 female participants, with an overarching mean age of 55 years. The therapeutic interventions scrutinized comprised standard chemotherapy protocols juxtaposed with novel treatment regimens. The standard protocol entailed a combination of cytarabine and anthracycline-based therapies, while the novel regimen incorporated FLT3 inhibitors. The evaluation metrics centered on overall survival (OS), complete remission (CR) rates, and event-free survival (EFS), providing a multifaceted perspective on treatment outcomes.
Results: The empirical evidence gleaned from the study presented a compelling narrative. Patients who were administered FLT3 inhibitors alongside the standard chemotherapy regimen exhibited a CR rate of 53.33%, with 80 individuals achieving complete remission out of the 150 treated. In stark contrast, the standard therapy cohort, devoid of FLT3 inhibitors, manifested a CR rate of 43.33%, with 65 patients reaching complete remission. The mean OS for the cohort receiving the combination therapy was a notable 18 months, surpassing the 12-month mean OS observed in the standard therapy group. Furthermore, the EFS metric underscored the efficacy of the combination therapy, with a mean duration of 14 months, in comparison to a 9-month mean EFS for those subjected solely to standard therapy.
Conclusion: The study’s findings illuminate the enhanced efficacy of incorporating FLT3 inhibitors into the chemotherapy regimen for AML patients. The superior CR rates, augmented OS, and prolonged EFS associated with the combination therapy underscore the potential benefits of integrating targeted agents into the treatment paradigm. These insights pave the way for a more tailored approach to AML therapy, advocating for the customization of treatment plans to optimize patient outcomes.