Angiocrine functions of mesenchymal stem cell exosomes on ischemic myocardium: a systematic review.
Angiocrine functions of mesenchymal stem cell exosomes on ischemic myocardium: a systematic review.
Golbarg Roozbahani,1,*Matin Arab Jahvani,2Reza Rahbarghazi,3Hanieh Mohajjel Shoja,4
1. Department of Plant, Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. 2. Department of Computer Science Faculty of Mathematics Statistics, and Computer Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. 3. Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. 4. Department of Plant, Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
Introduction: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can foster the regeneration of the ischemic myocardium in a paracrine manner via the release of several extracellular vesicles, especially exosomes. It has been indicated that exosomes are cell-free byproducts and can harbor diverse pro-angiogenic factors that are involved in the growth of blood vessels to the ischemic sites. Here, previous studies related to angiogenesis capacity of MSC exosome and restoration of ischemic myocardium are presented.
Methods: The current descriptive-analytical review study was conducted to identify relevant experiments associated with the application of MSC exosomes in the regeneration of ischemic myocardium. To this end, online search was done in databases including Google Scholar, Web of Science, and PubMed databases from 2018 until 2024. The keywords were "mesenchymal stem cells", "exosomes", "myocardium ischemia", "angiogenesis", and " Regeneration". Studies were included based in terms of relevant topic, study design, patient characteristics, therapeutic regimes, and outcomes. Data related to angiogenesis capacity of MSC exosomes in heart ischemia were extracted and included to this study.
Results: Data indicated the reparative properties of MSC exosomes via the promotion of angiogenesis within the cardiac tissue parenchyma after ischemia. The induction of vascularization into the ischemic myocardium can prevent subsequent aberrant remodeling and fibrotic changes.
Conclusion: Taken together, MSC exosomes are magic bullets and valid therapeutic options for the regulation of angiogenesis following the ischemic conditions. However, enormous experiments are mandatory to elucidate the underlying mechanisms associated with blood vessel formation within the ischemic myocardium.