Potential protective effects of antioxidant agents on 6-Hydroxydopamine-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells: A review
Potential protective effects of antioxidant agents on 6-Hydroxydopamine-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells: A review
Soroush Mohammadi,1,*Sheyda Keshani Asl,2Fateme Sadat Hosseinipour,3
1. Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran 2. Urmia University, Urmia, Iran 3. Department of Pharmacy, Islamic Azad University Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Tehran, Iran
Introduction: Introduction: Oxidative stress plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of age-related neurodegenerative diseases, particularly Parkinson's disease (PD). The vulnerability of the nervous system leads to distressing symptoms in affected patients, prompting significant research into antioxidant agents as potential therapies. In vitro studies utilizing the neurotoxin 6-Hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) in PC12 cells have shown that various antioxidants, such as quercetin glycosides, rutin, and D-psicose, can effectively protect against neurotoxicity. These antioxidants enhance cell viability, increase superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and reduce lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels. Collectively, these findings suggest that antioxidant therapies may offer promising avenues for alleviating symptoms and slowing disease progression in PD.
Methods: Materials and methods: Electronic databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Scopus, were systematically searched using keywords such as "PC12" and "6-Hydroxydopamine" (6-OHDA) up to April 2024. The selected articles provided insights into the mechanisms underlying 6-OHDA-induced neurotoxicity and identified various antioxidant agents that protect PC12 cells from this neurotoxin. Data extraction focused on the efficacy of these antioxidants in mitigating neurotoxic effects, contributing to a better understanding of potential therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative diseases.
Results: Result: In the selected articles, numerous antioxidant agents such as quercetin glycosides, rutin and D-psicose have been employed to safeguard PC12 cells against 6-OHDA-induced neurotoxicity. Increased cell viability assessed using various methods such as MTT, flow cytometry or the TUNEL assays, elevated superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and decreased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels in the PC12 cells exposed to the antioxidant agents were frequently observed in the results section of the selected articles.
Conclusion: Conclusion: According to the selected studies, antioxidant agents can significantly protect PC12 cells against 6-OHDA-induced neurotoxicity. Nonetheless, more clinical studies are needed to pinpoint the relation between different doses of these agents and the severity of symptoms in PD patients. The selected studies suggest that antioxidant agents can effectively protect PC12 cells from the neurotoxic effects of 6-OHDA, a compound commonly used to induce Parkinson's disease (PD)-like symptoms in cell culture models. However, the authors acknowledge that further clinical research is necessary to determine the specific relationship between varying doses of these antioxidant agents and the severity of symptoms observed in PD patients.