• The Global Fight Against Dengue Fever: A Comprehensive Guide to Risks Reduction and Prevention
  • Helia Sepahvand,1 Mona Meschi,2,* Melika Motehayer,3 Bita Fazel,4 Helia Khatibi,5 Hesameddin Akbarein,6
    1. DVM Student, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
    2. DVM Student, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
    3. DVM Student, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Semnan, Semnan, Iran
    4. Graduated from the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
    5. Faculty of Fundamental sciences(biology)٫ Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran٫ Iran
    6. Division of Epidemiology & Zoonoses, Department of Food Hygiene & Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran


  • Introduction: Dengue fever is a virus that is spread by the dengue virus (DENV). About 3.9 billion people are at risk of getting it. The most dangerous strain is DENV-1, which makes up 64.4% of all cases. Some of the most common signs are fever, arthralgia, vomiting, severe headaches, eye pain, loss of appetite, and skin eruptions. Infected female mosquitoes of the genus Aedes, mostly A. aegypti and A. albopictus spread the disease through bites. When the virus gets into the mosquito's stomach, it spreads throughout its body over 8 to 12 days. The World Health Organization says that 390 million cases of dengue fever happen every year, and 96 million of those people get sick. The scary rise in dengue fever cases shows how big of a problem global public health is and how we need to raise knowledge, lower risks, and come up with ways to stop people from getting it. In this article, we reviewed a comprehensive guide to risks reduction and prevention of this fever as a global fight and ways to avoid, diagnose, and treat the disease.
  • Methods: Keywords that have to do with preventing “dengue fever,” “risks reduction,” and “controlling Aedes” are used in academic databases like BMC, PubMed, Web of Science. Abstracts and full-length papers were evaluated on how well they were researched and how well they used good methods.
  • Results: The spread of Aedes spp. has been helped by urbanization and global warming. Mosquitoes are living longer and reproducing more quickly, which means that outbreaks can happen in more places. When different serotypes of dengue are spread together, serious dengue symptoms like Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) and Dengue Shock Syndrome (DSS) are more likely. Controlling vectors, training people about health, and making vaccines are the main ways to stop dengue fever. Vector control tries to get rid of places where mosquitoes can grow, especially in cities, by getting rid of backwaters, using larvicides, and keeping places clean. A lot of people use insecticides to get rid of adult mosquitoes, especially during outbreaks. However, mosquitoes have become resistant to them because they are used so much, making them less effective. Public health education is very important for making people more aware of the risks of dengue fever and encouraging them to change their habits to avoid being around mosquitoes. People who live in endemic area of dengue are told to take precautions to protect themselves, like wearing long-sleeved clothes, using bug spray, and sleeping under mosquito nets, especially when mosquito activity is high. It is important for governments, local groups, and people to work together on prevention strategies and community involvement programs to help make that happen. In the fight against dengue around the world, making a good vaccine has been a top concern. Recent progress in the study of dengue vaccines has led to the testing of several candidates in humans. Some of these candidates have shown promise in these tests. The ideal vaccine would protect against all four serotypes for life and be safe for everyone, even if they have been exposed to dengue before.
  • Conclusion: Four types of dengue virus are very dangerous to humans. Vector control, early discovery, and case management are all good ways to keep things under control. Supportive care, which focuses on keeping the person hydrated, relieving pain, and keeping an eye out for any problems, is the main way to treat dengue fever. Research is very important for coming up with new medical processes and methods, like vaccines. To get rid of dengue effectively, you need a broad plan that includes communities and healthcare workers. Community participation programs can help protect vulnerable people from dengue complications and improve their health and well-being. Controlling vectors, training people about health, and making vaccines have been the main ways that the disease has been fought. To stop dengue outbreaks, we need a multifaceted method that includes working with the community, taking care of the environment, and coming up with new scientific ideas.
  • Keywords: Dengue Fever, Risks reduction, and Controlling Aedes Mosquitoes