CAR-T Cell Therapy: A Transformative Approach in the Management of Hematological Malignancies
CAR-T Cell Therapy: A Transformative Approach in the Management of Hematological Malignancies
Mahya sadat Hayatalghybi,1Safoora Pakizehkar,2,*
1. Bachelor's student ,Microbiology group ,Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology,Tehran Medical Science,Islamic Azad University,Tehran,Iran 2. Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center (CMERC) , Research Institute for Endocrine Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran ,Iran
Introduction: Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has emerged as a groundbreaking and innovative immunotherapeutic approach in the treatment of refractory hematological malignancies. This therapeutic modality harnesses the power of a patient's own T cells, genetically engineering them to recognize and eliminate tumor cells. Over the past few years, significant advancements have been made in the field of CAR-T cell therapy, leading to its widespread adoption as a viable and promising treatment option for patients with these challenging blood cancers.
Methods: the research methodology entailed an extensive search across pubmed, googlescholar,and (NCBI) databases to locate articles CAR-Tcell therapy Approach in the Management of Hematological Malignancies.A total of 25 articles were identified for the purpose areview and analysis on this topic.
Results: The CAR-T Cell Manufacturing ProcessThe process of manufacturing CAR-T cells begins with the collection of a patient's own T cells through a process called leukapheresis. These T cells are then genetically modified using viral vectors to express synthetic receptors called chimeric antigen receptors (CARs). These CARs are designed to recognize specific tumor antigens, such as CD19 and BCMA, which are commonly expressed on the surface of hematological cancer cells. The modified T cells are then expanded in a laboratory setting and subsequently infused back into the patient, where they can mount a targeted and potent immune response against the malignant cells.
Challenges and Adverse EffectsWhile CAR-T cell therapy has demonstrated remarkable efficacy, it is not without its inherent challenges and potential adverse effects. The most commonly reported side effects associated with this treatment approach include cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS).
Conclusion: ddfCAR-T cell therapy has revolutionized the treatment landscape for hematological malignancies, offering a promising therapeutic option for patients who have exhausted standard treatment modalities. While the therapy has demonstrated remarkable efficacy, it is not without its inherent challenges and potential adverse effects, requiring ongoing vigilance and monitoring. As the field of CAR-T cell therapy continues to evolve, further advancements hold the promise of expanding its therapeutic reach and ultimately improving outcomes for patients with various types of cancer.gfhg