Stem Cell Therapy for Liver Diseases: Current Perspectives
Stem Cell Therapy for Liver Diseases: Current Perspectives
Saba Rahimi,1,*Amir Hossein Ghorbani Pour Mohammadi,2
1. Department of quantum and converging science Branch, Tehran Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran 2. Department of quantum and converging science Branch, Tehran Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Introduction: Stem cells have distinctive regenerative properties that are crucial for the progress of cell therapy and tissue engineering, especially in the context of liver diseases. This abstract explores the contributions of different types of stem cells in liver cell therapy and tissue engineering, highlighting their ability to repair liver damage and develop functional liver tissues.
Methods: A systematic review of current literature was performed, focusing on hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), and embryonic stem cells (ESCs). The review included analysis of differentiation protocols, therapeutic outcomes in preclinical and clinical studies, and advancements in liver tissue engineering techniques such as three-D bioprinting, organoid formation, and scaffold-based tissue constructs.
Results: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) demonstrated considerable potential for differentiating into hepatocyte-like cells and proved effective in preclinical models of liver disease, resulting in enhanced liver function and decreased fibrosis. Notably, iPSCs hold great promise for personalized therapy because of their capability to produce patient-specific hepatocytes. Additionally, tissue engineering strategies utilizing stem cells have facilitated the creation of functional liver organoids and scaffold-based liver tissues; however, challenges regarding tissue scalability and long-term functionality remain.
Conclusion: Stem cells play a vital role in the progress of liver cell therapy and tissue engineering, providing novel strategies for liver regeneration and the treatment of diseases. However, challenges such as immune compatibility, the potential for tumor development, and scalability must be tackled. Ongoing research and technological innovations are essential to enhance the use of stem cells in liver therapy and to address these challenges effectively.