Amirreza Nickfal,1,*Mobina movahed majd,2
1. Student of research Committe, Medical University of Sarab 2. Student of research Committe, Medical University of Sarab
Introduction: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic disorder of bowel function characterized by altered bowel function and abdominal pain associated with bowel function. Patients typically present to primary care physicians with various combinations of four main symptoms: abdominal discomfort or pain, diarrhea, constipation, and bloating. IBS is commonly attributed to disturbances in gut-brain interactions. In general, it is important to identify patients with physical disorders such as tension-type headache or arthralgia and psychological symptoms of anxiety or depression, because early use of behavioral psychotherapy, hypnotherapy, or central nervous system modulators can help reduce the severity of IBS. To diagnose IBS, tests are performed that differentiate it from a series of diseases such as colon cancer and celiac disease. Also, after diagnosis, a series of first-line treatments are prescribed to the patient.
Methods: In this article, we tried to gather information about irritable bowel syndrome and its symptoms and diagnosis from Science Direct and PubMed databases.
Results: History of rectal bleeding, weight loss, nocturnal diarrhea; Symptoms indicating physical or mental disorders such as anxiety or depression; And blood screening tests such as hemoglobin and C-reactive protein increase the diagnostic performance of symptom-based criteria for IBS. There is no single or specific diagnostic test for IBS, however tests to rule out organic diseases such as colon cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, or celiac disease according to colon cancer screening guidelines or the presence of warning signs such as decreased weight or rectal bleeding, is recommended.
Conclusion: First-line treatments for IBS are fiber and osmotic laxatives such as saline or polyethylene glycol 3350 laxatives for constipation, loperamide for diarrhea, and antispasmodics such as hyoscine for abdominal pain. Although there is no single or specific diagnostic test for IBS, if patients do not respond to first-line treatments for initial symptoms of diarrhea, constipation, or pain or discomfort, a careful reevaluation of the history and physical examination may indicate the need for additional tests to identify Show curable. These tests include anorectal manometry and balloon evacuation, colonic transit, and tests for biochemical causes of diarrhea including sugar malabsorption, bile acid diarrhea. Finally, the main strategies for treating IBS patients are diet, psychotherapy, drug therapy, and microbial treatments.