Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a major threat to human health around the world and is an important global health challenge in the 21st century the overuse and misuse of antibiotics are contributing factors. In 2019, it was estimated that antimicrobial resistance (AMR) caused approximately 4.95 million deaths globally, based on data from 204 countries and territories. The study highlighted the urgent need for global action to consider the problem of bacterial AMR.
Methods: The researchers used data from diverse sources, including systematic literature reviews, hospital records and using databases including Google Scholar and PubMed. They estimated deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) attributable to and associated with bacterial AMR for pathogens and pathogen–drug combinations in 204 countries and territories.
Results: The six leading pathogens for deaths associated with resistance were Escherichia coli followed by Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii. Also, one pathogen–drug combination, meticillin-resistant S aureus caused death in patients.
Conclusion: To our knowledge, AMR and pathogen–drug combinations are leading causes of death around the world, Expanding microbiology laboratory capacity and enhancing data collection systems is crucial for improving our understanding of significant human health threats. The WHO have to be reevaluated and awareness among physicians about AMR needs to be raised.