Introduction: Cancer is one of the main causes of death in the world. Curcumin, the main ingredient of turmeric, which is widely used in the food industry, has shown anti-cancer properties on various types of cancer, and its main mechanisms of action include inhibition of cell proliferation and suppression. Invasion and migration, promoting cell apoptosis, inducing autophagy, reducing cancer stemness, increasing the production of reactive oxygen species, reducing inflammation, stimulating ferroptosis, intestinal microbiota, and adjunctive therapy. In addition, the anticancer effect of curcumin has been shown in clinical trials, while its poor solubility in water And the low bioavailability of curcumin can be improved with various nanotechnologies that increase the clinical effects, although curcumin shows side effects such as diarrhea and nausea, but it is generally safe and tolerable. This is an updated review article on prevention and
The management of cancer by curcumin is due to the specificity of its mechanisms of action.
Methods: In this review study, the effects and mechanisms of curcumin on various cancers are summarized based on the results obtained from cell and animal models as well as clinical results published in the last five years, and special attention has been paid to the mechanisms of its effect.
In addition, several technologies have been discussed to improve the bioavailability of curcumin. Finally, the adverse effects of curcumin have also been highlighted. This article will be useful for the application of curcumin in cancer prevention and management.
In order to review the studies conducted in line with the topic of searching for Latin articles in the scientific databases of ISI Science Direct Scopus
PubMed has been used because there are many articles related to curcumin in this study, it has been tried to use more articles
which had a deeper and more important topic called research, in the selected articles, at least one of the following topics had been worked on
Investigating the chemical structure, physical and chemical characteristics and reactions of curcumin in different chemical environments
Curcumin bioavailability
Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of curcumin in the human body
Curcumin bioavailability
The effects of curcumin on various diseases
6- Drug delivery using modern technology
From the studied articles, 21 articles were selected, all of which were Latin, two review articles and the rest are scientific research.
Results: In a clinical trial to evaluate the effects of curcumin on various types of cancers, for example, a quasi-experimental design has been conducted in which 40 stage two and three cervical cancer patients were given 4 grams of curcumin per day for one week, which was simultaneously exposed to radiation. He also receives treatment
They investigated.
The results showed that the use of curcumin decreased the level of anti-apoptotic survivin protein in 15 patients, i.e. 75%, and increased the level of survivin in 5 patients (i.e. 25%). Out of these 40 patients, 20 of them were monitored with placebos, and in 12 of them, 60% survivin levels increased, and in 8 of these patients, survivin levels decreased in the placebo group. The results showed that curcumin is an effective radiation sensitizer.
In the treatment of patients with cervical cancer.
In addition, 150 female participants with advanced and metastatic breast cancer received curcumin 300 mg per week + paclitaxel (80 mg per square meter of body surface) or placebo + paclitaxel (80 mg per square meter of body surface) for 12 received intravenously for a week. The results showed that curcumin improves the patient's self-assessed performance status and at the same time reduces fatigue and increases quality of life .
Also, in 97 patients with prostate cancer, who took 144 grams of curcumin daily for 6 to 36 months, the increase of specific antigen
Prostate was suppressed during curcumin administration.
However, curcumin did not show significant effects in some cases, for example, a randomized controlled trial showed that the effect
A significant part was not observed with the supplementation of nano curcumin (120 mg) per day in prostate cancer patients undergoing radiation therapy.
In addition, treatment with cocumin (6 grams per day for 6 weeks) had no significant benefit in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.
Contradictory results may be due to complex factors involved in clinical trials and require further research.
Another study showed that curcumin significantly reduced tumor weight and tumor size in nude BALB/C mice with subcutaneous grafts.
7091/SGC gastric cancer cells promoted miR34a expression.
Conclusion: Cancer is a serious public health problem. Many studies have shown the effectiveness of curcumin in the prevention and management of various cancers such as
Thyroid, breast, gastric, colorectal, liver, pancreatic, prostate, and lung cancers have reported potential mechanisms involving inhibition of cell proliferation.
Cancer, suppression of invasion and migration, promotion of cell apoptosis, induction of autophagy, reduction of cancer stem, increase in production of reactive oxygen species, reduction of inflammation
Stimulation, fructose regulation of intestinal microbiota and adjuvant treatment.
Meanwhile, such nanomaterials can be used to prolong the release by targeted delivery of curcumin to cancer tissues and further increase its bioavailability.
and the anticancer activities of curcumin have been developed
These studies have shown that curcumin is safe and well tolerated, although some side effects such as diarrhea and nausea have been reported.
will be In the future, the anticancer activity of curcumin on more cancers should be evaluated and its relative mechanisms should be investigated. and methods
Another should be studied to improve the bioavailability of curcumin in order to increase its anticancer activity. Also clinical trials
More needs to be done to evaluate the anticancer effects of curcumin on humans.