• Field study of the white Rosagranium plant exposed to UV radiation and examination of the effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation on DNA and the creation of genetic damages such as skin cancers, including basal cell carcinoma and melanoma.
  • Fatemeh Mousavi Basravi nejad,1,* Zahra Sharifi Nia,2 Marjan Ghanaat,3
    1. Student Farzanegan’s school Abadan / Iran
    2. Student Farzanegan’s school Abadan / Iran
    3. Teacher/ Masters degree in Fiqh and Law Farzanegans school/ Abadan/Iran


  • Introduction: In the 21st century, human health and environmental impacts have become critical research areas, particularly concerning ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun. This radiation can penetrate biological tissues and significantly affect DNA, especially in skin cancers like basal cell carcinoma and melanoma. Basal cell carcinoma, the most common skin cancer, arises mainly from UVB and UVA exposure, leading to severe skin tissue damage. Melanoma, a more dangerous skin cancer, is increasing due to genetic mutations from UV radiation. UV radiation damages DNA by creating unwanted bonds between nitrogenous bases, resulting in genetic mutations that can lead to cancer if not repaired. With the rising incidence of skin cancers, investigating the effects of UV radiation on DNA and its relationship with cancer development is crucial. This research aims to explore the effects of UV radiation on DNA, identify types of genetic damage, investigate DNA repair mechanisms, and analyze the link between these damages and skin cancer occurrence. The findings are expected to enhance understanding of UV radiation dangers and underscore the importance of preventive measures for skin health. Also, in this research, in order to study the application of UV rays on the environment and other organisms, the effects of UV rays on the white Rosagranium plant have been investigated experimentally.
  • Methods: To investigate the impact of UV radiation on DNA and its role in genetic damage leading to skin cancers like basal cell carcinoma and melanoma, we employed various methods for data collection. This included a literature review of scientific articles in molecular biology, oncology, and dermatology, utilizing databases such as Google Scholar. We also studied specialized books on DNA damage and repair mechanisms. Additionally, field experiments were conducted to observe the effects of UV radiation on the white Rosagranium plant, with data recorded in observation sheets.
  • Results: Research has shown that ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a major factor in causing genetic damage to the DNA of skin cells. UV radiation is divided into three categories: UVA, UVB, and UVC, each damaging DNA in different ways. UVA penetrates deeply and induces oxidative changes, while UVB primarily causes direct alterations in DNA structure, leading to abnormal bonds and nucleotide damage. UV-induced damage can disrupt DNA repair processes, resulting in genetic mutations that may lead to various types of skin cancers, including basal cell carcinoma and melanoma. Basal cell carcinoma grows slowly and has a lower likelihood of metastasis, whereas melanoma can spread rapidly. To investigate the impact of UV radiation on DNA and genetic damage, various methods such as literature reviews and field experiments were employed. Results indicated that the geranium plant (Geranium) exposed to UV radiation exhibited visible damage and DNA changes. Additionally, the plant's limited ability to repair DNA damage and decreased activity of repair enzymes were observed in UV-exposed samples. These findings suggest that similar DNA damage in geraniums could contribute to the development of skin cancers in humans. Therefore, preventive measures like using sunscreen and protective clothing are essential to reduce the risks associated with UV exposure.
  • Conclusion: Numerous studies have shown that ultraviolet (UV)radiation is one of the main factors in causing genetic damage to the DNA of skin cells. This radiation is divided into three categories: UVA, UVB, and UVC, each of which can damage DNA in different ways. UVA penetrates more deeply and can lead to oxidative changes in DNA, while UVB is primarily responsible for causing direct changes in the DNA structure, which can result in the formation of abnormal bonds and nucleotide damage. Damage caused by UV radiation can directly disrupt DNA repair processes. As a result, these damages can lead to genetic mutations that may ultimately result in the development of various types of skin cancers, including basal cell carcinoma and melanoma. Basal cell carcinoma, as the most common type of skin cancer, typically grows slowly and has a lower likelihood of metastasis, whereas melanoma, one of the most dangerous types of skin cancer, can spread rapidly and metastasize to other organs in the body. It is essential to note that not only direct UV radiation but also other environmental and genetic factors play a role in the development of these types of cancers. Therefore, preventing UV-induced damage through the use of sunscreen, appropriate clothing, and avoiding prolonged exposure to sunlight is of great importance. Ultimately, public awareness and education about the dangers of UV radiation and its effects on DNA can help reduce the Incidence of skin cancers. Further research in this area can lead to a better understanding of the molecular and genetic mechanisms involved in the development of these diseases and contribute to the development of more effective prevention and treatment methods.
  • Keywords: 1. UV 2. rays 3. DNA 4. cancer 5. damage