Introduction: So, in this research fear and anxiety on the brain and behavior they used for that ever since like Functional Magnetic Reasoning Imaging (fMRI) & MRI Amygdala imaging. It needs test subjects, volunteers, raters and research assistants to perform neuropsychological testing in longitudinal studies. This research is seeking to discover what types of behaviors and brain processes correspond with levels of fear. It also seeks to explore how the brain regulates emotions and whether it is possible (or not) to modulate these emotions by mechano-optogenetic stimulation. Anxiety is a state of psychological distress, physiological and behavioral induced by threats to survival or well-being that relates inferentially with fear warning signal present in the danger situation, activating adaptive responses. The purpose of this research is to better understand how fear and anxiety work in the brain, be that for treating disorders or phobias like ailurophobia. There is also a need to examine fear and brain/hormone pathophysiological interactions with other organs. In depth studies will be carried out regarding biology of fear and anxiety at systemic levels related to brain-behavior relationships, neuronal circuitry functional neuroanatomy in addition to cellular/molecular aspects viz., neurotransmitter/hydroxy indole/modulatory species with special reference to animal models. If researchers can get a better handle on how fear and anxiety are linked, they could design therapies to alleviate these symptoms in individuals—and perhaps benefit their health more generally as well.
Methods: In this study, they measured amygdala brain activity in fear and anxiety using both fMRI (functional MRI) which measures changes with the blood flow throughout the entire Brain 3-D imaging system & standard anatomical/structural MRI. Fear and anxiety studies include use behavioral assessments with long term follow ups to detect changes. Use hypotheses to drive inference about the inter-relationships among fear, brain activity and behavior Outcomes include recognition of behavioral and brain correlates to fear & anxiety, understanding the hormone basis for some aspects of fear, investigation as to whether or not such fearful reactivity is critical for long-term survival. Ethical considerations are also about getting informed consent, and to make sure that the participant is safe within data privacy.
Results: Whether a system works: Knowing, for instance if the amygdala is related to fear. Hormones — How hormones like cortisol and adrenaline impact feelings of fear as well anxiety. Behavior: Drawing the link between avoidance to both states of fear and anxiety. Neural Patterns: Determine the particular pattern associated with phobias in a brain. Treatment: therapies, such as counseling (often cognitive-behavioral therapy) or medication to help relieve emotional distress. Main Purpose: To investigate how fear influences the brain and behavior, and find ways of helping people to control alarming levels of anxiety.
Conclusion: The biological basis of fear and anxiety is now known, and the main brain structures and neural circuits involved in processing emotional information and behavior have been identified. Affective and cognitive processes cannot be separated, even considering basic emotions such as fear. Cognitive understanding of events and situations is critically involved in emotional experiences and also influences coping strategies or defense mechanisms. This is reflected in the important role now attributed to the PFC in the control of emotional behavior in humans and animals.