Investigation causes of abortion by molecular methods

Kosar Babaei,1,* Rostam rezaeian,2 Jalal mohammadi khoshraj,3 Maede fekri abras,4

1. Tonekabon Azad University
2. higher educational institute of mizan
3. higher educational institute of Rab-Rashid
4. Giulan university faculty of science

Abstract

Introduction

Identification of the possible cause of fetal loss significantly reduces long-range psychological distress in women with a miscarriage and enables improved genetic counseling for those couples in future pregnancies. infertility is a problem that affects about 15% of couples, including about 50% of male infertility. a history of three or more consecutive spontaneous miscarriages. however, other authors may classify the type of loss differently; such as, it has been proposed that there are three different types of loss: preclinical, demise less than 6 weeks; embryonic loss, demise at more than 6 weeks but less than 10 weeks gestation; fetal loss, demise at more than 10 weeks but less than 20 weeks. a current review was conducted to find the causes of abortion by molecular methods. biological scientists have come to rely on the research protocols and methodologies in the critically acclaimed methods in molecular biology series. a synthetic production of new dna sequences has helped researchers understand and engineer biology. scientists today can detect the cause of abortion by molecular methods such as mtgfr, cgh array, fish, ngs (this method determines the complete sequence of human dna (coding and non-coding regions), including nucleic dna and mitochondria. this method makes it possible to detect all of the spot mutations, delete chromosomal duplications and rearrangements.).

Methods

In this review article, the study of the causes of abortion by molecular methods from scientific databases such as sid, google scholar, medlib, isi, isc, iran medex, scopus pubmed and using abortion keywords, abortion factors, abortion embryo, abortion-molecular methods, and infertility-abortion was studied. finally, it was more appropriate than the other articles regarding subject matter. the articles were transcribed with time constraints in english and persian.

Results

Many of the clinical factors have been identified as potential risk factors for abortion, including abnormalities of the womb, antiphospholipid syndrome, endocrine abnormalities, chromosomal abnormalities, and infection. however, despite extensive studies, and a series of causes related to abortion, about 50% of cases in the treatment of doctors are still unknown. bacterial agents are one of the critical factors in women infertility.in general terms, the incidence of abortion increase with the age of the mother as a whole. long-thumbnails of the y chromosome y are the most common genetic-molecular causes of severe male infertility, it happens in the three areas of azos, azf, and azfa.

Conclusion

Recent advances in fertility medicine and molecular cytogenetic have changed the approach to the infertile couple. the introduction of fluorescence in-situ hybridization (fish) has enabled the chromosomal assessment of embryos. by setting up the multiplex pcr method bacterial content of the aborted fetuses can be identified simultaneously. by 6 sts markers and a multiplex pcr procedure, the elimination of y chromosomes can be investigated.

Keywords

: abortion, molecular methods, infertility, bacterial infections